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KINESIOLOGY > Shoulder Complex > Flashcards

Shoulder Complex Flashcards

1
Q

Bones of the Shoulder Complex

A

Sternum
Clavicle
Scapula
Humerus

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2
Q

Movements of the Shoulder Complex

A

Elevation and Depression
Protraction and Retraction
Rotation

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3
Q

Shoulder Joints which are true and which are false?

A

TRUE
Glenohumeral
Sternoclavicular
Acromioclavicular

FALSE
Scapulothoracic

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4
Q

The clavicle is:
- ___2⁄3 (sternal): convex anteriorly
- ___1⁄3 (acromial): concave anteriorly

A
  • Medial 2⁄3 (sternal): convex anteriorly
  • Lateral 1⁄3 (acromial): concave anteriorly
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5
Q

This connects the upper extremities to the axial skeleton (skull, sternum, spinal column, and ribs) at the ____ joint

A

Clavicle
at the sternoclavicular joint

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6
Q

This bone increases the glenohumeral (GH) mobility during
climbing or reaching (abduction)

A

Clavicle

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7
Q

This is the first and last bone to ossify in the entire body

A

Clavicle

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8
Q

T or F
The Medial surface of the clavicle is smooth, while the Lateral surface of the clavicle has some

A

FALSE
The superior surface of the clavicle is smooth, while the
inferior surface of the clavicle has some

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9
Q

The sternal end is attached to the _____ which is a
round end, while the acromial end is attached to the
____ of the scapula which is a flat end

A

The sternal end is attached to the sternum which is a
round end, while the acromial end is attached to the
acromion of the scapula which is a flat end

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10
Q
  • A condition due to the congenital absence of the clavicle
  • Due to the lack of muscle/ligament attachments, the strength is decreased by 50% in shoulder flexors, abductors, and adductors
A

CLEIDOCRANIAL DYSOSTOSIS

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11
Q

There are 3 borders and 3 angles of the scapula identify each

A

3 borders:
SUPERIOR BORDER,
MEDIAL/VERTEBRAL BORDER,
LATERAL/AXILLARY BORDER

3 angles:
- SUPERIOR ANGLE,
- INFERIOR ANGLE,
- LATERAL ANGLE

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12
Q

T or F
The Lateral angle is important for palpation as it’s a reference point when the scapula (upward/downward) rotates

A

FALSE
The inferior angle is important for palpation as it’s a
reference point when the scapula
(upward/downward) rotates

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13
Q

Which one is incorrect:
s. The superior angle is aligned with the T2
b. The spine of the scapula is aligned with T4
c. The inferior angle is aligned with T7

A

b. The spine of the scapula is aligned with T4

correct: The spine of the scapula is aligned with T3

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14
Q

The glenoid fossa should be facing anteriorly, at about what percent?

A

35%

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15
Q

T or F
The vertebral/medial border of the scapula should be 2-3 inches away from the vertebral column (spinous processes)

A

TRUE

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16
Q

Functions of scapula

A

Provides a place for muscles controlling the GH joint to venture from
- Provides a stable base from which the GH joint can function

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17
Q

Muscles attached to the scapula

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus
Subscapularis (attached to anterior scapula)
Teres minor and major (attached to the lateral border)
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor and major
(posterior) deltoids
Upper trapezius (attached to clavicle)
Supra & infraglenoid tubercle

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18
Q

This is the most lateral aspect of the scapula

A

GLENOID FOSSA/CAVITY

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19
Q

What is the convex and concave of the GH joint

A

Concave: Scapula - Glenoid Fossa
Convex: Humerus - Humeral head

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20
Q

It’s a shallow socket with two (2) tubercles: supraglenoid
and infraglenoid tubercles

A

GLENOID FOSSA/CAVITY

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21
Q

Orientation of the glenoid fossa

A

Superior, Anterior, Lateral

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22
Q

T or F
The congruency of the humeral head on the glenoid fossa is not at its best due to the cavity not being fully depressed for the head

A

TRUE

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23
Q
  • This checks the point of orientation of the glenoid fossa as it faces the five (5) degrees anterior to the frontal plane
  • It’s rotated on its transverse axis, approximately _____ so the glenoid fossa is tilted anteriorly to the frontal plane
  • This position directs the glenoid anteriorly with respect to the body
A

SCAPULAR PLANE

30°-45°

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24
Q

It doesn’t occur along the sagittal nor frontal plane it’s in between,

A

SCAPULAR PLANE

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25
Q

This is a test to check/see the alignment of the scapula

A

LENNIE TEST

26
Q

Orientation of the humerus

A
  • Orientation: medial, posterior, superior
27
Q

This is the longest and largest bone in the UE

A

Humerus

28
Q

In the humerus:
The anatomical neck is ____to the head while the
surgical neck is ____to the head

A

The anatomical neck is proximal to the head while the
surgical neck is distal to the head

29
Q

The ____ separates the head and greater tubercle

A

The anatomical neck separates the head and
greater tubercle

30
Q

This is the space in between the greater and lesser tubercle

A

bicipital/intertubercular groove/sulcus

31
Q

What maintains the long head of the biceps brachii in the Bicipital groove?

A

This is maintained by the transverse humeral ligament which covers the tendon horizontally,

and when broken, it’s painful since the long head of the biceps brachii will slide

32
Q

These are the lines or “lips” of the bicipital groove
inferior to the greater and lesser tubercles

A

Bicipital ridges

33
Q

T or F
Radial tuberosity Located at the lateral shaft

A

FALSE
Deltoid tuberosity
- Located at the lateral shaft

34
Q
  • Located near the deltoid tuberosity; usually superior
  • This is where the ___ nerve passes through
A

Radial groove
- Radial nerve

35
Q

T or F
The greater tubercle is more palpable than the lesser tubercle

A

TRUE

36
Q

What movement/ position:
The greater tubercle is not palpable here as it will be covered by the deltoid muscle

A

INTERNAL ROTATION

37
Q

In what position is the greater tubercle of the humerus be palpated slightly posterior and just inferior to the acromion process

A

EXTERNAL ROTATION

38
Q

Which statement is incorrect?
A. The orientation of the Humerus deviates ~20° posterior to the frontal plane
B. The orientation of the Clavicle (scapular plane) deviates ~35° anterior to the frontal plane

A

BOTH’
A. The orientation of the clavicle deviates ~20° posterior to
the frontal plane
B. The orientation of the scapula (scapular plane) deviates
~35° anterior to the frontal plane

39
Q

The humeral head faces ___° posteriorly from the frontal
plane

A

The humeral head faces 30° posteriorly from the frontal
plane

40
Q
  • Formed by the midline of the shaft and the midline of the humeral head
  • This allows the head to be aligned with the scapular plane which is to be properly aligned with the shaft
A

ANGLE OF INCLINATION:

41
Q

What degree is the angle of inclination

A

135 degrees

42
Q

T or F
The size of the humeral head in comparison to the glenoid fossa of the scapula is not congruent

A

TRUE

43
Q

Why is it common for the shoulder to be dislocated?

A

The size of the humeral head (bigger) in comparison to the glenoid fossa (small surface) of the scapula is not congruent

44
Q

This is composed of mainly the humerus (head) and scapula (glenoid fossa)

A

SHOULDER (GLENOHUMERAL) JOINT

45
Q

What are the movements of the GH joint

A

Movements:
flexion/extension/hyperextension,
abduction/adduction,
horizontal abduction/adduction,
rotation

46
Q

Composition of the shoulder girdle

A

Composed of the scapula, clavicle, and sternum

47
Q

Movements of the scapula

A

elevation,
depression,
protraction,
retraction, rotation

48
Q

What are the bones of the:
STERNOCLAVICULAR (SC) JOINT
GLENOHUMERAL (GH) JOINT
ACROMIOCLAVICULAR (AC) JOINT

A

STERNOCLAVICULAR (SC) JOINT: (Sternum + Clavicle)
GLENOHUMERAL (GH) JOINT: (Scapula + Humerus)
ACROMIOCLAVICULAR (AC) JOINT (Scapula + Clavicle)

49
Q

The sternoclavicular Joint is a connection between what specific landmarks?

A

The clavicular facet of the manubrium of the sternum
+
The sternal end of the clavicle

50
Q
  • The only joint that connects the upper extremities (UE) to the trunk
A

STERNOCLAVICULAR (SC) JOINT

51
Q

What type of joints are:
STERNOCLAVICULAR (SC) JOINT
GLENOHUMERAL (GH) JOINT
ACROMIOCLAVICULAR (AC) JOINT

A

STERNOCLAVICULAR (SC) JOINT: Synovial Double joint
GLENOHUMERAL (GH) JOINT: Ball and socket
ACROMIOCLAVICULAR (AC) JOINT:

52
Q

Movements of the SC joint

A

Has 3 DOF
- Elevation/depression
- Protraction/retraction
- Posterior/anterior rotation

53
Q

Ligament oF the SC joint

A

STERNOCLAVICULAR (SC) LIGAMENT
INTERCLAVICULAR (IC) LIGAMENT
COSTOCLAVICULAR (CC) LIGAMENT

54
Q

Ligament that:
Connects the clavicle and the rib
- This limits shoulder elevation
- This will be lax in shoulder depression

A

COSTOCLAVICULAR (CC) LIGAMENT

55
Q

Ligament that:
Interconnection of the two clavicles
- Covers the area of the jugular/sternal notch
- This limits shoulder depression (since it will be taut)
- When the clavicles are shoulder elevated, the IC
ligament is lax and is loose; like a swing

A

INTERCLAVICULAR (IC) LIGAMENT

56
Q

Ligament that:
- Connection of the clavicle to the sternum
- Has 2 fibers/bundles: anterior and posterior

A

STERNOCLAVICULAR (SC) LIGAMENT

57
Q

OSTEOKINEMATICS OF THE SC JOINT

A

ELEVATION/DEPRESSION
PROTRACTION/RETRACTION
● AXIAL ROTATION

58
Q

During the elevation/depression of the SC joint,
What end is fixed and what end moves?

A

The sternal end is fixed while the acromial end is the one that moves

59
Q

During the Elevation and depression of the Sc joint,
What is the angle and movement of the bone

A

ELEVATION: 30-45°
- Upward, backward

  • DEPRESSION: 5-10°
  • Downward, forward
60
Q

During protraction/ Retraction,
What end is fixed and what end is moving?

A

The acromial end is the one that moves as well

61
Q

During Protraction/Retraction of the SC joint,
What is the angle and movement of the scapula bone

A

PROTRACTION: 15-20° - anterolaterally

RETRACTION: 30° - Posteriomedially

62
Q
A

KINESIOLOGY (11 decks)

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