Elbow Joint Ch 11

Question 1

What bones make up the elbow joint?

Answer 1

Humerus, Radius and ulna

Question 2

How many axes exist in the elbow and forearm?

Answer 2

Elbow = 1
Forearm = 2

Question 3

What type of joint occurs at the elbow and forearm?

Answer 3

Elbow =  hinge
Forearm = Pivot

Question 4

What are the joint motions allowed by the elbow and forearm?

Answer 4

Elbow = flex/ext
Forearm = supination/pronation

Question 5

Name the ligaments that stabilize the lateral side of the elbow?

Answer 5

Lateral collateral ligament

Question 6

Name the ligament that stabilizes the medial side of the elbow?

Answer 6

Medial collateral ligament

Question 7

Name the ligament that stabilizes the radius and allows it to rotate?

Answer 7

Annular ligament

Question 8

Which muscles of the elbow and forearm are two joint muscles?

Answer 8

Biceps brachii and long head of the triceps

Question 9

What muscles are the prime movers during elbow flexion?

Answer 9

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Pronator Teres (assists)

Question 10

What muscles are the prime movers during elbow extension?

Answer 10

Triceps

Anconeus (synergist)

Question 11

What muscles are the prime movers during forearm pronation?

Answer 11

Pronator teres

Pronator quadratus

Question 12

What muscles are the prime movers during forearm supination?

Answer 12

Biceps brachii

Supinator (synergist)

Question 13

Which muscles attach to the lateral epicondyle?

Answer 13

Extensor digitorum
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Question 14

Which muscles attach to the medial epicondyle?

Answer 14

Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor carpi radialis

Question 15

Which muscles of the elbow and/or forearm are two joint muscles?

Answer 15

Biceps brachii and long head of the triceps

Question 16

To which bone must a muscle attach to do forearm pronation and supination?

Answer 16

Radius

the radius moves around the ulna to produce those motions

Question 17

Which elbow or forearm muscles do not attach to the humerus?

Answer 17

Pronator quadratus, biceps, and long head of the triceps

Question 18

Which muscles connect the scapula to the ulna and/or radius?

Answer 18

Biceps to the radius

Long head of the triceps to the ulna

Question 19

Which muscles connect the humerus and ulna?

Answer 19

Anconeus, triceps, and brachialis

Question 20

What is the only part of the triceps that crosses the shoulder joint?

Answer 20

Long head of the triceps

Question 21

What positions would you put the UE in to achieve active insufficiency of the biceps?

Answer 21

Shoulder flexion
Elbow flexion
Forearm supination

Question 22

What positions would you put the UE in to achieve passive insufficiency of the biceps?

Answer 22

Shoulder hyperextension
Elbow extension
Forearm pronation

Question 23

In a closed chain activity, does the humeral joint surface move in the same or opposite direction as the forearm?

Answer 23

Same direction

Question 24

Touching the lateral forearm is touching what muscle?

Answer 24

Brachioradialis

Question 25

Placing a dinner plate in an upper kitchen cabinet involve what elbow and forearm motions?

Answer 25

Elbow extension | Forearm supination

Question 26

Putting a piece of chocolate in your mouth involve what elbow and forearm motions?

Answer 26

Elbow flexion | Forearm supination

Question 27

Hyperextension

Answer 27

Movement that goes beyond the normal anatomical joint position of extension Females usually have more range then men 15 degrees is an acceptable range

Question 28

Supination end feel

Answer 28

firm secondary to the muscle and ligament tension (soft tissue stretch)

Question 29

Pronation end feel

Answer 29

hard (bony) due to the contact between the radius and ulna

Question 30

Elbow Flexion end feel

Answer 30

Soft because soft tissue and muscle (arm and forearm muscles compresses together to limit movement (soft tissue approximation)

Question 31

Elbow extension end feel

Answer 31

Hard (bony) because the olecranon process of the ulna moves into the olecranon fossa of the humerus (bony end-feel)

Question 32

Elbow articulations

Answer 32

Humerus-two distal concave ends Trochlear articulates with the ulna Capitulum articulates with the radius Open-chain: Concave-Convex Rule Application Concave radial & ulna surfaces slide/glide on on the humerus in the same directions

Question 33

Radioulnar joints

Answer 33

Uniaxial pivot joint Motion: pronation/supination Radius moves around ulna Head of the radius pivots within the radial notch of the ulna

Question 34

Carrying angle

Answer 34

longitudinal axes of the humerus and forearm form this angle. 1. Angle exists because the humerus is not leveled. 2. Medial side of the humerus ( trochlear) is lower than the lateral side (capitulum). 3. Radius and ulna articulate around the trochlear and capitulum of the humerus

Question 35

Carrying angle: Male vs Female

Answer 35

Larger in females Between 10 and 15 degrees Male 5 degrees

Question 36

Function of carrying angle

Answer 36

Hand to mouth activities Feeding ADL Care

Question 37

Bones and Landmarks: Scapula

Answer 37

Infraglenoid tubercle- attachment of the Long head of the triceps brachii Supraglenoid tubercle- Attachment of the Long head of the biceps Coracoid process-Attachment of the short head of the biceps

Question 38

Landmarks on the radius

Answer 38

Head of the radius-articulates with the capitulum of the humerus Radial tuberosity-Attachment for the short head of the biceps brachi Styloid process-Attachment for the Brachioradialis

Question 39

Interossesous membrane

Answer 39

Located between radius and ulna Holds the radioulnar joint together with the Annular ligament Prevents the radius and ulna from separating; and increases surface area for muscle attachments of the forearm and wrists

Question 40

Tennis elbow

Answer 40

Lateral epicondylitis-overuse syndrome Inflammation at the extensor tendon and attachment at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus Muscles affected: Extensor carpi radialis longus & brevis, extensor digitorum, and extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 41

Golfer's elbow

Answer 41

Medial epicondylitis overuse syndrome Inflammation at the flexor tendons with attachment to the medial epicondyle Tenderness and pain on the medial epicondyle with wrist flexion resistence