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PT 105 > LE Quiz > Flashcards

LE Quiz Flashcards

(136 cards)

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1
Q

Arthrokinematics of Hip Flex and Ext

A

Convex femoral head SPINS on the fixed concave acetabulum

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2
Q

Arthrokinematics of Hip abduction

A

Convex femoral head GLIDES inferiorly on the fixed concave acetabulum

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3
Q

Hip Flexion

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-120
soft/firm
Sagittal plane
Frontal axis

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4
Q

Arthrokinematics of Hip adduction

A

Convex femoral head GLIDES superiorly on the fixed concave acetabulum

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5
Q

Hip Extension

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-30
firm
Sagittal plane
Frontal axis

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6
Q

Arthrokinematics of hip IR

A

Convex femoral head GLIDES on the fixed concave acetabulum in posterior direction

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7
Q

Hip Abduction

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-45
firm
Frontal plane
Sagittal axis

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8
Q

Arthrokinematics of hip ER

A

Convex femoral head GLIDES on the fixed concave acetabulum in anterior direction

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9
Q

Hip adduction

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-30
Soft/firm
Frontal plane
Sagittal axis

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10
Q

Muscles that attach to the ASIS

A

TFL, Sartorius, inguinal ligament

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11
Q

Muscles that attach to the inferior ramus

A

Adductor magnus, adductor brevis, gracilis

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12
Q

What muscles attach to the ischial tuberosity

A

hamstrings and adductor magnus

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13
Q

Muscles that attach to the superior ramus

A

pectineus

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14
Q

What makes up the greater sciatic notch?

A

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinosus ligament

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15
Q

What structures make up the acetabulum?

A

Ilium, ischium, pubis

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16
Q

What passes through the greater sciatic notch?

A

sciatic nerve and piriformis

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17
Q

Ramus of the ischium is the attachment point for what muscles?

A

Adductor magnus, obturator internus and externus

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18
Q

What muscle attaches to the pectineal line?

A

adductor brevis

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19
Q

The adductor tubercles serves as an attachment for which muscle?

A

Adductor magnus

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20
Q

What structure does the iliopsoas attach to?

A

Lesser trochanter

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21
Q

What muscles attach to the greater trochanter?

A

Gluteus medius, minimus, and deeper rotator muscles

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22
Q

What motion does the superior capsule limit?

A

Adduction

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23
Q

What motion does the posterior capsule limit?

A

flexion and IR

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24
Q

What motion does the Inferior capsule limit?

A

abduction

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25
What motion does the ischiofemoral ligament limit?
extension, abduction, adduction, IR
26
What motion does the pubofemoral ligament limit?
extension, abduction, IR
27
What motion does the iliofemoral ligament limit
hyperextension
28
What is the ligamentum teres?
Intracapsular ligament that assists in holding the head of the femur against the acetabulum
29
What motions does the ligamentum teres limit?
Abduction and ER
30
What structures in the shoulder function like the ligamentum teres?
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus & subscapularis, middle deltoid, deltoid complex, glenoid labrum
31
How does the supraspinatus Fx like the ligamentum teres?
It holds the humeral head into the glenoid fossa
32
How does the infraspinatus and subscapularis Fx like the ligamentum teres?
prevents inferior glide
33
How does the middle deltoid Fx like the ligamentum teres?
concurrent force around the shoulder joint
34
How does the glenoid labrum Fx like the ligamentum teres?
increases the depth of the fossa which increases stability
35
Angle of inclination of Coxa Valga? | How does the leg appear in weight bearing?
neck shaft angle greater than 125 degrees | Leg appears longer
36
Angle of inclination of Coxa Vara? | How does the leg appear in weight bearing?
neck shaft angle less than 125 degrees | Leg appears shorter
37
One joint muscle provide.....
control
38
Two joint muscles provide.....
ROM
39
What makes up the femoral triangle?
Inguinal ligament Sartorius Adductor longus
40
Is the Gracilis a one joint or two joint muscle?
two
41
The adductor longus and brevis are one joint or two joint muscles?
one
42
What are the six deep rotators of the hip
Obturator externus and internus Quadratus femoris Piriformis Gemellus superior and inferior
43
What line of pull do the six deep rotators have?
Horizontal
44
What line of pull does the gluteus maximus have?
Diagonal
45
What line of pull does the gluteus medius have? What shape does it have? What muscle is it like?
Diagonal Triangular Deltoid (force couple)
46
What line of pull does the gluteus medius have? What shape does it have? What muscle is it like?
Diagonal Triangular Deltoid (force couple)
47
What line of pull does the gluteus minimus and TFL have?
anteriolateral
48
Nerve innervations gluteus maximus
Inferior gluteal nerve L5, S1, S2
49
Nerve innervations biceps femoris short head
common peroneal
50
Nerve innervations biceps femoris long head
sciatic nerve s1,s2,s3
51
Nerve innervations quadratus femoris
L5, S1
52
Nerve innervations Lumbar plexus
L1-L4 | Innervates thigh and leg
53
Nerve innervations Sacral plexus
L5-S3 | Innervates leg and foot
54
Describe normal muscle activation
insertion moves toward origin | Stable origin allows for mobile insertion
55
Describe reversal of muscle activation
Origin moves toward the insertion | Origin becomes mobile and insertion becomes stable
56
Side bending Muscle activation
Psoas origin moves toward insertion
57
Biceps brachii during chin ups
Humerus moves towards forearm | Origin moves towards stable insertion
58
What type of joints is the tibiofemoral joint?
Bicondylar
59
What type of joints is the patellafemoral?
incongruent
60
Arhtrokinematics of knee flexion?
Concave tibial condyles GLIDE posteriorly on the fixed convex femoral condyles
61
Arhtrokinematics of knee extension?
Concave tibial condyles GLIDE anteriorly on the fixed convex femoral condyles
62
Knee Flexion | AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis
0-135 soft Sagittal plane Frontal axis
63
Knee Extension | AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis
0 firm Sagittal plane Frontal axis
64
Arthrokinematics of tibial rotation
Proximal concave surface of the tibia SPINS on the convex condyles of the fixed femur *spin occurs w/ roll & glide
65
Knee IR & ER | AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis
40-58 @ 90 knee flexion Firm Horizontal plane Longitudinal axis
66
What type of joint is the knee
synovial hinge joint
67
What is the knee not a true hinge joint
b/c it has rotation
68
What motions do the ACL and PCL limit?
Extension and IR
69
What motions do the MCL and LCL limit?
extension and ER
70
What motion does the oblique popliteal ligament limit
Extension
71
When does the screw home mechanism occur?
the last 20 degrees of knee extension
72
What is the moment arm of the quadriceps?
The distance b/t the quad/patella tendon and the femur
73
Tibial plateau
medial and lateral condyles and the intercondylar eminence of the tibia
74
ACL attachment points
Anterior tibia to posterior femur
75
PCL attachment points
Posterior tibia to anterior femur
76
What type of tibia/femur displacement does the ACL prevent
tibia- anterior | femur- posterior
77
What type of tibia/femur displacement does the PCL prevent
tibia- posterior | femur- anterior
78
What is the q-angle
angle b/t the quad and patella tendon
79
do males or females have a greater q-angle?
females- wider pelvis
80
What is the normal range of the q-angle during knee extension? What may occur if outside of that range?
13-19 degrees | knee/patella dysfunction
81
Which cruciate ligament sustains less injuries
PCL
82
Cruciate ligaments provide stability for what plane of motion
sagittal plane
83
Which motion causes the ACL to tighten?
Knee extension
84
What motion causes the PCL to tighten?
Knee flexion
85
Collateral ligaments provide stability for what plane of motion?
frontal plane
86
What motions cause the collateral ligaments to tighten or slacken?
``` tighten= knee extension Slacken= knee flexion ```
87
MCL attachment points
Femur to tibia/ blends into medial mensci | tibial collateral ligament
88
LCL attachment points
Femur to head of fibula (fibular collateral ligament)
89
The cruciate ligaments prevent....
Tibial translation and excessive hyperextension
90
What does the MCL prevent and what type of stability does it provide
excessive lateral motion of the knee | Medial stability
91
What does the LCL prevent and what type of stability does it provide
excessive medial motion of the knee | lateral stability
92
What does the LCL prevent and what type of stability does it provide
excessive medial motion of the knee | lateral stability
93
Which collateral ligament is strong and not susceptible to injury?
LCL
94
Where is the prepatallar bursa located?
b/t patella and skin
95
Where is the deep infrapatella bursa located?
b/t proximal tibia and patellar ligament
96
Where is the suprapatellar bursa located?
b/t distal femur and quadriceps tendon
97
Where is the posterior bursa located?
b/t popliteal tendon and lateral femoral condyle
98
Where is the lateral bursa located?
b/t IT band at distal attachment
99
Where is the medial bursa located?
b/t the pes anserine under the tendons for the Sartorius, semitendinosus, and gracilis
100
Nerve innervations for the quads
femoral nerve L2-L4
101
Nerve innervations for the hamstrings
Sciatic nerve L5-S2 | short head of the biceps Common peroneal L5-S2
102
Nerve innervations for the hamstrings
Sciatic nerve L5-S2 | short head of the biceps Common peroneal L5-S2
103
What passes through the popliteal space?
tibial common peroneal nerve, popliteal artery and vein
104
What structures make up the popliteal space?
``` Medial= semimembranosus & semitendinosus Lateral= biceps femoris Inferior= heads of the gastroc ```
105
What unlocks the knee?
popliteal
106
What nerve innervates the gastroc?
tibial nerve S1, S2
107
What are the one joint muscles of the knee?
Anterior- vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius | Posterior- popliteus, short head of biceps femoris
108
What are the two joint muscles of the knee?
Anterior- rectus femoris | Posterior- Long head of biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, Sartorius, gracilis, gastroc
109
What makes up the forefoot?
metatarsals and phalanges
110
What makes up the mid foot?
navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms
111
What makes up the hindfoot?
talus and calcaneus
112
Where is the sustentaculum tali located?
medial, superior portion of the calcaneus
113
What structures pass through the sustentaculum tali?
Tibialis posterior, flexor halluces longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibial nerve and artery
114
What is the largest bone in the foot?
calcaneus
115
What attaches to the calcaneus?
gastroc, soleus, and plantaris muscle
116
Fx of the ankle and foot
Shock absorber during gait cycle Adapts to surface levels Provides a stable base of support to propel from
117
Plantarflexion | AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis
0-50 firm/hard Oblique sagittal plane Oblique frontal axis
118
Dorsiflexion | AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis
0-20 firm/hard Oblique sagittal plane Oblique frontal axis
119
Inversion | AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis
0-35 firm Oblique frontal plane Oblique sagittal axis
120
Eversion | AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis
0-20 firm/hard Oblique frontal plane Oblique sagittal axis
121
Eversion | AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis
0-20 firm/hard Oblique frontal plane Oblique sagittal axis
122
What movements make up supination of the foot?
PF, inversion, ADD
123
What movements makes up pronation of the foot?
DF, eversion, ABD
124
Where are the medial ligaments of the ankle/foot?
Deltoid ligaments and spring ligament
125
What are the 4 sections of the deltoid ligaments
Anterior tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, posterior tibiotalar, anterior tibiotalar
126
What is the Fx of the deltoid ligaments
strengthen the medial side of the ankle joint hold calcaneus & navicular against talus help maintain strength of the medial longitudinal arch
127
Where does the spring ligament attach
calcaneus to navicular
128
What is the function of the spring ligament
support the medial side of the longitudinal arch
129
What bones does the medial longitudinal arch support
Calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms and metatarsals 1-3
130
Which arch is considered the keystone of the body?
medial longitudinal arch
131
What bones does the transverse arch support?
cuneiforms and cuboid
132
What are the fx of arches
Variety of motion in foot Maintains shape of foot, ligaments, plantar fascia, and muscles Weight is distributed in a triangle( 1st met- 5th met- calcaneus) Supported by invertors and evertors
133
Where does the long plantar ligament and longest tarsal ligament attach?
cuboid and bases of 3-5 metatarsals
134
Where does the short plantar ligament attach
calcaneus to cuboid
135
What does the short plantar ligament assist
long plantar ligament
136
What supports the short plantar ligament
plantar fascia

PT 105 (16 decks)

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