Elbow Wrist And Hand

Question 1

What are the 3 different types of joints in the elbow,wrist and hand?

Answer 1

Fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial

Question 2

What does the fibrous joint do?

Answer 2

Held together by ligaments only (immoveable) e.g. Radioulnar

Question 3

What does the cartilaginous joint do?

Answer 3

Held together y cartilage only ( minimal movement)- e.g. vertebrae

Question 4

What does the synovial joint do?

Answer 4

Most common, allows movement between bones (highly moveable) e.g. knee

Question 5

Name the 6 synovial joints

Answer 5

Hinge
Pivot
Ball and socket
Saddle
Condyloid
Gliding

Question 6

What type of movement does the hinge joint do and give an example.

Answer 6

Flexion and extension e.g. knee and elbow

Question 7

What type of movement does the pivot joint do and give an example.

Answer 7

Rotation about another bone e.g. neck

Question 8

What type of movement does the ball and socket joint do and give an example.

Answer 8

Flexion, extension,abduction,adduction, rotation e.g.hip and shoulder

Question 9

What type of movement does the saddle joint do and give an example.

Answer 9

Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction e.g. carpometacarpal joint of thumb

Question 10

What types of movement does the condyloid joint do and give an example.

Answer 10

Flexion, extension,abduction, adduction, circumduction e.g. carometacarpal joints

Question 11

What type of movement does the gliding joint do and give an example.

Answer 11

Gliding movement e.g. inter carpal joints

Question 12

What 3 bones makes up the elbow?

Answer 12

Humerus
Radius
Ulna

Question 13

What are the 3 joints in the elbow complex?

Answer 13

Humeroulnar
Humeroradial
Superior radioulnar

Question 14

Where is the humeroulnar joint located and what does it do?

Answer 14

It’s located in the trochela of humerus and trochela notch of ulna. It permits Flexion and extension of the elbow- dictated by the wedge shape joint

Question 15

Where is the humeroradial joint located and what does it do?

Answer 15

Capitulum of humerus and head of radius. Permits Flexion and extension.

Question 16

Where is the superior radioulnar joint located and what does it do?

Answer 16

Formed by head of radius and radial notch of the ulna. Pronation and supination

Question 17

What is there to know abut the radial collateral ligament?

Answer 17

Lateral side
Strong band from lateral epicondyle to annular ligament
Resists virus force applied to joint (adduction of forearm)

Question 18

What is there to know about the ulnar collateral ligament?

Answer 18

Medial side
3 bands: anterior, posterior and intermediate
Fan/ triangular shaped arrangement
Resists vagus force applied to joint ( Abduction of forearm)

Question 19

What are the muscles acting over the elbow - Flexion

Answer 19

Biceps brachii ( in supination)
Brachialis ( in pronation)
Brachioradialis ( in mid/ functional position)

Question 20

What are the muscles acting over the elbow- extension

Answer 20

Triceps brachii and anconeus

Question 21

What are the muscles acting over the elbow- pronation

Answer 21

Pronation teres and pronator quadratus

Question 22

What are the muscles acting over the elbow- supination

Answer 22

Supinator and biceps brachii

Question 23

What are the proximal bones in the hand?

Answer 23

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisform

Question 24

What are the distal bones in the hand?

Answer 24

Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate

Question 25

What are the distal bones in the hand?

Answer 25

Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate

Question 26

How many carpals are in the hand?

Answer 26

8

Question 27

How many metacarpals are in the hand?

Answer 27

5

Question 28

How many phalanges are in the fingers

Answer 28

14

Question 29

What are the articulations of the wrist?

Answer 29

Inferior radioulnar Radiocarpal joint Mid and intercarpal joint

Question 30

What is the inferior radioulnar joint?

Answer 30

A synovial pivot joint that allows pronation and supination Formed by head of ulna and ulnar notch on radius Has a fibro- cartilagenous disc which unites the 2 bones

Question 31

What is the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 31

A synovial condyloid joint: Flexion/ extension/ radial and ulnar deviation. Formed by distal surface of radius and articulated disc- proximal row of carpals Lateral stability provided by radial and ulnar collateral ligaments

Question 32

What are mid- carpal joints?

Answer 32

Joint between proximal and distal rows Partly synovial condyloid (medially) Partly synovial plane (laterally) Together act as a hinge to contribute to he Flexion and extension of the wrist

Question 33

What are the 3 functional joints of the hand?

Answer 33

Carpometacarpal joints Metacarpophalanges joints Interphalangeal joints

Question 34

What is the carpometacarpal joint?

Answer 34

Bases of metacarpals and distal row of carpal bones Joints 2-4 all synovial plane- very limited movement Flexion/ extension/. Abduction/ adduction/ opposition

Question 35

What are metacarpophalangeal joints?

Answer 35

The joint between hands and fingers Articulating surfaces- heads of metacarpals and bases of proximal phalanges Synovial condyloid: Flexion/ extension/ adduction/ abduction

Question 36

What are interphalangeal joints?

Answer 36

Synovial hinge= flexion and extension only