Electrolytes Flashcards
(47 cards)
what are electrolytes
ion capable of carrying an electrical charge
what are the major cation of the body
Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+
what are the major anions of the body
Cl-, HCO3 -, HPO4 2-, and SO4 2-
which way do anions move
towards anode
which way do cations move
towards cathode
what charge do cathodes have
neg
what charge do anodes have
pos
T or F: solutes can cross the semi permeable mmb
F
def? conc of solutes per kg of solvent
osmolality
what is the name for the sol’n that makes up most of the solution
solvent
what other properties of solution decrease related to osmolality
freezing point and vapor pressure
what are the 3 clinically significant factors of osmolality
hypothalamus response, plasma sodium conc, and sodium and water controls blood volume
what kind of pt sample is used to measure osmolality
urine or serum
The balance of _______ is closely tied to the balance of water in the body: If one changes, the other usually also ______.
electrolytes; changes
if you were to eat lots of salty food what would you expect to happen to your weight and why
weight would increase because more water is needed to maintain electrolyte balance
what happens if osmolality increases by 1-2% or you get thirsty
hypothalamus releases ADH
what happens to the kidneys when ADH is released
reabsorption of water
what happens if blood volume decreases
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone is released by the kidneys
what does Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone do
increases renal reabsorption of water and sodium
what regulates the ADH release
salt intake and thirst
what regulates the aldosterone release
receptors detect change in blood volume
which electrolyte level best correlates with plasma osmolality?
sodium
Which formula is most accurate in predicting plasma osmolality?
2Na+glucose/20+BUN/2.8
what electrolytes are extracellular fluid
Na+, Ca2+, Cl-, bicarbonate
