Electronic Structure Of Atoms Flashcards
(28 cards)
What does Bohr’s model describe?
The shapes in space where electrons can be found in atoms.
What are atomic orbitals?
Regions in space where electrons may be found.
What are the main energy levels or shells in an atom?
Electrons orbit the nucleus in shells, with the energy increasing as the shell is further from the nucleus.
What types of orbitals are there?
- s
- p
- d
- f
What is the shape of an s-orbital?
Spherical.
How many electrons can an s-orbital hold?
Up to 2 electrons.
What is the shape of a p-orbital?
Dumb-bell shaped.
How many electrons can a p-orbital hold?
Up to 2 electrons.
How many p-orbitals are in each p sub-shell?
3 p-orbitals (Px, Py, Pz).
How can you find the total number of electrons in an atom?
By using the atomic number.
What is the Aufbau principle?
Electrons fill lower shells before higher shells.
What is the maximum number of electrons the 1st shell can hold?
2 electrons.
What is the maximum number of electrons the 2nd shell can hold?
8 electrons.
What is the maximum number of electrons the 3rd shell can hold?
18 electrons.
What is the maximum number of electrons the 4th shell can hold?
32 electrons.
What does the term ‘electron configuration’ refer to?
The arrangement of the electrons in atoms or ions.
What should electron configurations reflect according to Bohr’s model?
The main shells split into sub-shells.
What is represented by each ‘box’ in electron box diagrams?
An orbital.
What do the arrows in electron box diagrams represent?
Electrons in the orbitals.
What rule states that paired electrons have opposite spins?
Electrons are shown as arrows pointing in opposite directions.
What is the maximum number of electrons that any orbital can hold?
Up to 2 electrons.
Which orbital is lower in energy when empty, 4s or 3d?
4s.
What is a giant ionic compound?
A structure where ions are arranged in a regular pattern.
What keeps the ions in a giant ionic compound together?
Electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions.
