Trends In The Periodic Tabel Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is observed in the periodic table regarding physical properties?
A number of repeating patterns in physical properties are observed in the periodic table.
What does electronegativity measure?
Electronegativity measures the tendency of an atom to attract the electron pair in a covalent bond.
How does the atomic radius change across a period?
The atomic radius decreases across a period.
How does electronegativity change across a period?
Electronegativity increases across a period.
What happens to electronegativity as you go up a group?
Electronegativity increases up a group.
What is the relationship between nuclear charge and atomic radius?
The nuclear charge increases while the number of shells remains the same, causing outer electrons to be more strongly attracted to the nucleus.
What happens to the ionic radius of positive ions?
The ionic radius of positive ions decreases.
How do positive ions compare in size to the atoms they formed from?
Positive ions are smaller than the atom they formed from.
How do negative ions compare in size to the atoms they formed from?
Negative ions are larger than the atom they formed from.
What is the trend for boiling points across a period?
The boiling points tend to increase across groups 1 to 4, then decrease across groups 5 to 0.
What is the trend for melting points across a period?
The melting points tend to increase across groups 1 to 4, then decrease across groups 5 to 0.
What happens to melting and boiling points of metals as metallic bond strength increases?
The melting and boiling points of metals increase.
Why do elements from group 4, carbon and silicon, have very high melting and boiling points?
They have giant covalent, or macromolecular, structures with many strong covalent forces between them.
What type of structures do elements from groups 5, 6, 7, and 0 have?
They have simple molecules or atoms, with only weak London forces.
Fill in the blank: The elements from group 4 have _______ structures.
giant covalent
What is the formula for sodium oxide?
Na2O
What is the state of sulfur dioxide when it combines with water?
SO2(g) + H2O(l)
What type of structure do metallic oxides have?
lattice structure
True or False: The boiling points of metals decrease as the metallic bond strength increases.
False
