Embryology 1 Flashcards

(22 cards)

1
Q

What are pharyngeal arches

A

System of mesenchymal proliferations in neck region (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Role of neural crest cells in development of pharyngeal arches

A

Migrate into mesoderm core to influence development of arches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does each pharyngeal arch develop into

A

Muscular component
Cartilage bar
Cranial nerve
Aortic arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are pharyngeal pouches and clefts

A

Pouch - between each arch on endoderm side

Cleft - between each arch in ectoderm side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do the anterior and posterior parts of the neural tube become

A

Anterior - forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain

Posterior - spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which cranial nerve develops from the 1st pharyngeal arch

What does it innervate

A

Trigeminal
Sensory - skin of face and lining of nose and mouth
Motor - muscles of mastication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which cranial nerve develops from the 2nd pharyngeal arch

What does it innervate

A

Facial
Sensory - taste buds in anterior 2/3 tongue
Motor - muscles of facial expression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which cranial nerve develops from the 3rd pharyngeal arch

What does it innervate

A

Glossopharyngeal
Sensory - taste buds in posterior 1/3 tongue
Motor - stylopharyngeus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which cranial nerve develops from the 4th pharyngeal arch

What does it innervate

A

Superior laryngeal branch of vagus

Motor - pharyngeal constrictors and cricothyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which cranial nerve develops from the 6th pharyngeal arch

What does it innervate

A

Recurrent laryngeal branch of vagus

Motor - intrinsic muscles of larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which cartilage develops from the 1st pharyngeal arch

What does it become

A

Meckel’s cartilage (mandibular prominence only)

Malleus, incus and mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which cartilage develops from the 2nd pharyngeal arch

What does it become

A

Reichart’s cartilage

Stapes, styloid process and part of hyoid (lesser Cornu and upper body)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which cartilage develops from the 1st pharyngeal arch

A

Forms rest of hyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which cartilage develops from the 4th pharyngeal arch

A

Thyroid and cricoid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which cartilage develops from the 6th pharyngeal arch

A

Arytenoid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What aortic arches develop from pharyngeal arches

A

3rd - internal carotid artery
4th - aortic arch and brachiocephalic
6th - left and right pulmonary arteries

17
Q

What does the 1st pharyngeal pouch give rise to

A

Tympanic cavity and Eustachian tube

18
Q

What does the 2nd pharyngeal pouch give rise to

A

Palatine tonsils

19
Q

What does the 3rd pharyngeal pouch give rise to

A

Ventral - thymus

Dorsal - inferior parathyroid gland

20
Q

What does the 4th pharyngeal pouch give rise to

A

Dorsal - superior parathyroid gland

21
Q

What happens to the pharyngeal clefts during development

A

1st cleft remains and forms the external auditory meatus

The 2nd pharyngeal arch obliterates all of the other clefts (obliterates the cervical sinus)

22
Q

What happens if the cervical sinus isn’t obliterated

A

Branchial fistulae or cysts occur on the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid