Flashcards in Week 1 Deck (61)
Loading flashcards...
1
Superior and inferior boundaries of the neck
Suprasternal notch of the manubrium to the lower margin of the mandible
2
Broad functions of neck fascia
Superficial surrounds structures in the neck
Deep layers compartmentalise the neck to prevent spread of infection, form natural planes for surgery and ease movement between structures
3
Where is the superficial cervical fascia
Between the dermis and deep cervical fascia
4
What is the structural difference between the superficial and deep cervical fascia
Superficial is loose connective tissue
Deep is dense connective tissue
5
What does the superficial cervical fascia contain
Fat
Platysma
Cutaneous nerves
Lymph nodes
Superficial blood vessels e.g external jugular vein
6
What are the deep cervical fascia layers (superficial to deep)
Investing
Pretracheal
Prevertebral
Carotid sheath
7
What is the investing layer connected to
Completely surrounds the neck and subcutaneous tissue attaching to the:
Posterior- external occipital protuberance and nuchal ligament
Inferior - scapula spine, acromion, clavicle and manubrium
Superior - lower border of mandible and mastoid process
8
What structures does the investing layer enclose
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Submandibular and parotid glands
9
What is the suprasternal space
Space between the 2 heads of SCM formed by the investing layer of deep fascia
10
2 parts of the pretracheal layer
Visceral - encloses thyroid gland, larynx, trachea and oesophagus
Muscular - encloses infrahyoid muscles
11
What are the infrahyoid muscles
Muscles running inferiorly from hyoid anterior to the visceral pretracheal layer
12
What cartilage can be felt in the neck
Thyroid superiorly
Cricoid inferiorly
13
What contributes to the visceral pretracheal layer
Buccopharyngeal fascia posteriorly
14
What is the pretracheal fascia attached to
Hyoid to the pericardium
15
What is the prevertebral fascia attached to
Surrounds the cervical vertebra and associated pre- and para- vertebral muscles attaching to:
Base of skull
Transverse processes up to T3
Endothoracic fascia of rib cage
16
What does the axillary sheath enclose and what does it arise from
Encloses scalenes, subclavian artery and brachial plexus
Arises from the lateral prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia
17
What forms the carotid sheath
All layers of the deep cervical fascia
18
Where does the carotid sheath run from and to
From the thoracic mediastinum to the base of skull
19
What is contained in the carotid sheath
Common carotid artery
Internal jugular vein
Vagus nerve
Deep cervical lymph nodes
20
Where is the retropharyngeal space
Between the pretracheal and prevertebral layers
21
Risk in infection of retropharyngeal space
Mediastinitis
22
Risk in infection pretracheal space
Anterior mediastinitis
23
Where is the pretracheal space
Between investing layer and visceral pretracheal layer
24
Action of the platysma
Draws corners of the mouth inferiorly
Draws skin of neck superiorly if teeth are clenched
25
Innervation of platysma
Facial nerve (cervical branch)
26
Attachments of sternocleidomastoid
Originates from the mastoid process
Splits into 2 heads which insert on the clavicle and sternum
27
Unilateral action of the SCM
Lateral flexion of neck (ear towards shoulder)
28
Bilateral action of SCMs
Flexion at neck
Extension at atlanto-occipital joint
29
Innervation of SCM
Accessory nerve
30
