Embryology

Question 1

offspring name wks 0-3

Answer 1

conceptus

Question 2

offspring name wks 3-8

Answer 2

embryo

Question 3

offspring name wks 9-40

Answer 3

foetus

Question 4

phases of embryogenesis

Answer 4

gametogenesis 
fertilisation 
cleavage 
gastrulation 
morphogenesis 
organogenesis

Question 5

what are epigenetic factors

Answer 5

factors favouring a maternal or paternal copy of a gene

Question 6

gametogenesis

Answer 6

formation of gametes by meiosis
females - set from birth
males - continuous

Question 7

fertilisation

Answer 7

sperm and oocyte fuse to form zygote

Question 8

cleavage

Answer 8

rapid cell division with no size difference

Question 9

gastrulation

Answer 9

formation of germ layers and body axis

Question 10

morphogenesis

Answer 10

folding of embryo

formation of gut tube

Question 11

organogenesis

Answer 11

formation of organs

Question 12

what is a morula

Answer 12

when zygote has +16 cells

Question 13

where does fertilisation usually occur

Answer 13

ampulla

Question 14

where does implantation occur

Answer 14

anterior/posterior of uterine wall

Question 15

the outer cell mass of the blastocyst is called the _____

Answer 15

trophoblast

Question 16

the inner cell mass if the blastocyst is called the _____

Answer 16

embryoblast

Question 17

the trophoblast on day 7 is divided into 2 layers. what are they?

Answer 17

cytotrophoblast

syncytiotrophoblast

Question 18

what trophoblast layer produces hCG

Answer 18

syncytiotrophoblast

Question 19

the embryoblast divides into 2 layers on day 7. what are they

Answer 19

epiblast

hypoblast

Question 20

what is an ectopic pregnancy

Answer 20

implantation outside normal uterine position

Question 21

what does the ectoderm form

Answer 21

skin and nervous system

Question 22

what does the endoderm form

Answer 22

gut lining and lining of resp tract, urethra, bladder

Question 23

paraxial mesoderm forms

Answer 23

axial skeleton, skeletal muscle from neck down

Question 24

intermediate mesoderm forms

Answer 24

kidney, urogenital systems

Question 25

lateral plate mesoderm forms

Answer 25

most body wall, limbs, mesothelium of organs and smooth muscle

Question 26

when are congenital abnormalities most likely to occur

Answer 26

week 5 embryonic period

Question 27

what is craniocaudal folding

Answer 27

where the heart is folded from the head to the thorax

Question 28

what is the tetralogy of fallot

Answer 28

overriding aorta VSD right ventricular hypertrophy pulmonary stenosis