Emesis

Question 1

Vomiting/ emesis is a reflex that requires the coordination of what four systems

Answer 1

1. GI
2. Musculoskeletal
3. Resp
4. Nervous

Question 2

What are four types of input that stimulate the release of acetylcholine which triggers the vomiting center

Answer 2

1. Olfactory
2. Gustatory
3. Vestibular
4. Abdominal viscera

Question 3

The chemoreceptor trigger zone is located outside of the BBB in order to detect circulating toxins or drugs that normally would be excluded from the CNS by the BBB. This CRTZ causes ________________ release which stimulates the vomiting center

Answer 3

Dopamine

Question 4

Which receptors are located in the abdominal viscera and can stimulate emesis as a protective mechanism

Answer 4

Peripheral receptors

Question 5

What is the sequelae of emesis

Answer 5

1. Dehydration
2. Electrolyte imbalances
3. Acid base disturbance

Question 6

Antiemetics only alleviate clinical signs. The primary cause of the vomiting still needs to be _____________ and ________________

Answer 6

Dx and Tx

Question 7

Antiemetics can be administered by what two general routes

Answer 7

Parenterally
Topically

Question 8

Through what action do phenothiazines have an antiemetic effect

Answer 8

Inhibit dopamine from the CRTZ preventing it from stimulating the vomiting center

Question 9

Prochlorperazine
Perphenazine
Chlorpromazine
Acepromazine

Answer 9

Phenothiazines that can be used for their antiemetic action

Question 10

What general drug category is procainamide derivative in GI pharmacology

Answer 10

Antiemetic