Emilia-Romagna* Flashcards
(122 cards)
1
Q
What are the important food contributions of Emilia-Romagna?
A
Parmigiano Reggiano, Prosciutto di Parma, Aceto Balsamico Tradizionale de Modena, tortellini
2
Q
How Emilia-Romagna is divided climatically
A
3
Q
How the winegrowing area of the Emilia sub-region is sub-divided and what makes these divisions different from each other
A
4
Q
The influence of rivers, hills and mountains on viticultural practices in Emilia-Romagna
A
5
Q
The most widely planted grape varieties of Emilia-Romagna and their synonyms
A
6
Q
The grape varieties utilized for Emilia-Romagna’s “need to know” appellations
A
7
Q
Key viticultural details (vineyard practices, soil, slope, exposure and climate preferences) about the “need to
know” grapes in Emilia-Romagna?
A
8
Q
Key structural characteristics (acid, tannin, etc.) of Emilia-Romagna’s most important grape varieties
A
9
Q
Which varieties are used for still, sparkling and dessert wines in Emilia-Romagna?
A
10
Q
Which wines in Emilia-Romagna allow blending partners and which must be 100% varietal?
A
11
Q
The permissible wine styles in Emilia-Romagna (still, sparkling, dessert, aromatized, etc.) of the “need to know” appellations
A
12
Q
What drives the low cost wine production in Emilia-Romagna?
A
large cooperatives, fertile land, high yields
13
Q
What are the 3 major towns in Emilia-Romagna?
A
Bologna, Ferrara, Modena (all Emilia)
14
Q
What are the 4 major automotive brands in Emilia-Romagna?
A
Ferrari, Lamborghini, Ducati, Maserati
15
Q
What is the Via Emilia?
A
Roman road from Piacenza to Rimini, built by Mario Emilio Lepido
16
Q
After the fall of Rome, who controlled Emilia?
A
Lombards
17
Q
After the fall of Rome, who controlled Romagna?
A
Byzantines, last northern Roman region to fall.
18
Q
What were the most powerful city-states of Emilia in the Middle Ages?
A
Parma, Piacenza, Modena, Reggio-Emilia, Bologna (all in Emilia)
19
Q
When did the Lombards annex Romagna?
A
in the 8th century CE
20
Q
When did the Franks (under Pepin the Short) conquer the Lombards and Emilia-Romagna come under Papal control?
A
in the middle of the 8th century CE
21
Q
Romagna remained under Papal control until when?
A
Napoleon
22
Q
When were Emilia and Romagna included in the Kingdom of Sardinia?
A
1860, then Kingdom of Italy one year later.
23
Q
When were Emilia-Romagna rejoined?
A
1947
24
Q
What is the southern most region of northern Italy?
A
Emilia-Romagna
25
What is the dividing point of Emilia-Romagna?
city of Bologna
26
What is the topography breakdown of Emilia-Romagna?
Plains 48%, Hills 27%, Mountains 25%
27
What is the wine production breakdown in terms of topography in Emilia-Romagna?
Plains 67%, Hills 33%, Mountains 0%
28
Describe the soils of the Emilia-Romagna plains.
deep and fertile soils composed of clay, silt and sand
29
What separates the hills and the plains of Emilia-Romagna?
Via Emilia
30
Describe the soils of the Emilia-Romagna hills.
shallow soils composed of clay, sandstone and marl
31
What is the driest part of Emilia-Romagna?
plains (but high humidity)
32
What is the extent of the influence of the Adriatic Sea on Emilia-Romagna?
very limited, just on the coast
33
What is the effect of the Po River on the climate in Emilia-Romagna?
moderates temperatures and increases humidity
34
What is the mix of red/white grapes in Emilia-Romagna?
slightly more red
35
What is the most planted grape in Emilia-Romagna?
Trebbiano Romagnolo {white, but red grapes more planted!]
36
What are the 2 most planted grapes in Emilia-Romagna?
Trebbiano Romagnolo and Sangiovese (40%)
37
What is the position of Sangiovese in Emilia-Romagna?
traditional grape, most planted red grape, source of high quality clones (often used in Tuscany)
38
Sangiovese is native to where?
probably southern Italy [not Tuscany or Emilia-Romagna]
39
What are the common features of Lambrusco grapes?
high acidity, moderate alcohol, red fruit and floral aromas
40
What Lambrusco grape produces the benchmark of traditional style wine?
Lambrusco di Sorbara, traditional is light-bodied [Sorbara > light Sorbet]
41
What is an unusual biological characteristic of the Lambrusco di Sorbara grape?
requires another Lambrusco variety in the vineyard to serve as pollinator (usually coplanted with Lambrusco Salamino in every third row, can still be picked separately)
42
What is the etymology of Lambrusco Salamino?
grape clusters resemble small salami
43
What grape produces the most balanced Lambrusco?
Lambrusco Salamino
44
What is the most widely planted Lambrusco variety?
Lambrusco Salamino
45
Which Lambrusco grape in the most tannic and full bodied?
Lambrusco Grasparossa, fleshy style, grown in hilly area
46
Name the Lambrusco grapes starting with the most planted variety.
Salamino, Grasparossa, Sorbara
47
Where is Trebbiano Romagnolo most likely crafted as a single varietal?
Romagna
48
What is the most important white grape in Romagna?
Albana (higher quality than Trebbiano Romagna which is most planted)
49
Describe the Albana grape.
ancient, inherently neutral grape that can produce very good sweet wines (Robinson)
50
How are sweet wines from Albana made?
both passito and botrytisized
51
What is the etymology of Albana?
grape brought from Colli Albani in Lazio by the Romans to Romagna (most likely apocryphal, as no evidence supports this)
52
What grape is most closely related to Albana?
Garganega, parent/off-spring relationship
53
What is relationship between Malvasia di Candia Aromatica and Malvasia Bianca di Candia?
distinct varieties
54
What is the etymology of Candia?
old name for Greek island of Crete, but no genetic evidence of linkage
55
Where does the Malvasia di Candia Aromatica grape dominate?
Piacenza and Parma
56
List the 9 provinces of Emilia-Romagna from west to east.
Piacenza, Parma, Reggio-Emilia, Modena, Bologna, Ferrara, Ravenna, Forli-Cesena, Rimini [PARMigiano BFRFR]
57
Name the 4 need to know grapes of Emilia-Romagna.
Albana, Pignoletto, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Trebbiano Romagnolo
58
Where does the Pignoletto grape dominate?
Hills around Bologna
59
Where do the Sangiovese and Trebbiano Romagnolo grapes dominate?
Romagna
60
Describe structure of wine made from Pignoletto.
light-bodied, high in acidity
61
What is the etymology of Sangiovese?
blood of Jupiter (Jovi), name given by monks of Mount Giove near Rimini
62
What is the wine quality pyramid in Emilia Romagna?
25/40/35
63
Name the DOCGs in Emilia Romagna.
2: Romagna Albana, Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto
64
Name the 2 most important IGTs in Emilia-Romagna.
dell'Emilia, Rubicone
65
Rubicon IGT includes what area?
a large part of Romagna
66
Which area of Emilia-Romagna focuses on frizzante wines?
Emilia
67
Which area of Emilia-Romagna focuses on dry wines?
Romagna
68
What are the need to know red grapes of Emilia-Romagna?
3 Lambruscos and Sangiovese
69
Name the 5 wine sub-regions of Emilia-Romagna.
Hills of Piacenza, Hills of Parma, Lambrusco District, Bologna District, Romagna
70
What is the common character of wines from the Hills of Piacenza?
crisp acidity and frizzante style
71
What sub-region outside Emilia-Romagna is most closely aligned with the Hills of Piacenza?
Oltrepo Pavese in Lombardia
72
What is the most common wine produced in Colli Piacentini DOC?
an off-dry white made from Malvasia di Candia Aromatica [not Moscato!]
73
Describe the wines of Gutturnio DOC.
red blend of Barbera and Croatina, frizzante, dry or off-dry (similar blend to near-by Buttafuoco DOC in Lombardy)
74
Describe the wines of Gutturnio DOC with label term superiorore, riserva or classico.
still and dry, not frizzante (frizzante is allowed for Gutturznio without extra labeling)
75
What is the most famous wine pairing for Prosciutto di Parma?
Malvasia di Candia Aromatico
76
What are the need to know appellations in the Hills of Parma?
none for wine (but Prosciutto di Parma DOP is produced there)
77
What are the need to know appellations in the Hills of Piacenza?
Colli Piacentini DOC, Gutturnio DOC
78
What is the etymology of Gutturnio?
gutturnium is an ancient 2 liter silver Roman jug found along Po River near Piacenza in 1878.
79
What are the main cities in the Lambrusco wine district?
Reggio-Emilia and Modena
80
What are the need to know appellations in the Lambrusco District?
Lambrusco di Sorbara DOC, Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro DOC, Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce DOC
81
What is the most renowned Lambrusco appellation?
Lambrusco di Sorbara DOC
82
Name two major towns of Emilia-Romagna that are not found along the Via Emilia.
Ferrara, Ravenna
83
How is the majority of sparkling Lambrusco produced?
tank method
84
Contrast the characteristics of classic and inexpensive export market Lambrusco wines.
Classic Lambrusco is drier, mushroom cork and DOC labeled. Sweeter versions are IGT labeled with a screw-top.
85
What is the blend allowed in Lambrusco di Sorbara DOC?
minimum of 60% Lambrusco di Sorbara
86
Where is Lambrusco di Sorbara DOC in relatonship to Modena?
includes the city of Modena
87
Where is Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce DOC in relationship to Modena?
on the plain north of Modena
88
Where is Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro DOC in regards to Modena?
in the hills south of Modena
89
Which Lambrusco appellation has the highest production?
Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce DOC
90
Compare the structure of wine from Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro DOC to other Lambruscos.
fullest-bodied, most concentrated, deeper, purple-red color, higher acidity and notable tannins
91
Which native grape is most closely tied to the Bologna wine district?
white Pignoletto
92
What foreign country borders Emilia Romagna?
San Marino, actually a microstate
93
What was Italy's first white DOCG?
Romagna Albana DOCG in 1987
94
What village is associated with the highest quality of Romagna Albana DOCG?
Bertinoro, Roman wine made from Albana that was so good it should be only drunk in a gold cup, "BERTI IN ORO" in Italian
95
What are the sub-designations of Romagna DOC?
Pagadebit, Albana Spumante, Cagnina, Trebbiano, Sangiovese; not sub-zones as Romagna Sangiovese DOC as 12 sub-zones [PACTS]
96
What grape is associated with Pagadebit sub-designation of Romagna DOC?
Bombino Bianco, still or frizzante, dry or off-dry
97
What grape is associated with Cagnina sub-designation of Romagna DOC?
Terrano, produces sweet red wine with tannic bite, consumed fresh
98
Bettinoro is a village associated with what two appellations?
Romagna Pagadebit DOC sub-zone and best village of Romagna Albana DOCG
99
What is the oldest university in the western world?
University di Bologna, aka Alma Mater Studiorum, founded 1088
100
What styles of wine are allowed in Romagna Albana DOCG?
still, various sweetness levels [not sparking which is made in Romagna Albana Spumante DOC!]
101
What appellation in Emilia-Romagna is best know for international grapes?
Colli Piacentini DOC
102
What mountain range separates Emilia-Romagna and Tuscany?
Northern [!] Apennines
103
Is Ferrara located in Emilia or Romagna?
Emilia
104
What was the Tethys Ocean?
an ancient sea that once covered the Po River Valley (Wiki) [think sedimentary soils]
105
What are Calanchi?
bare and arid clay-based rock formations resulting from severe water erosion in Romagna [not to be confused with rocche in Roero]
106
Pignoletto is genetically identical to which grape?
Grechetto di Todi in Umbria
107
What village is associated with the Lambrusco Salamino appellation?
Santa Croce
108
What village is associated with the Lambrusco Grasparossa appellation?
Castelvetro [G: Glass castle - Grasparossa]
109
What are the aging requirements of Romagna Albana DOCG?
Passito Riserva requires a minimum of one year of aging
110
What are the aging requirements of Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto DOCG?
none mentioned, 95% Pignoletto vs 85% for Colli Bolgnesi DOC
111
Who were the native people of Emilia-Romagna?
Celts
112
When was Emilia-Romagna divided?
5th century CE, fall of Roman Empire
113
What is wine significance of Bertinoro?
village for the best Albana passitos; also only sub-zone of Romagna Pagadebit DOC
114
What is the most renowned grape in Bosco Eliceo DOC?
ancient rare red grape, Fortana
115
What grape is traditionally paired with local eels in Emilia-Romagna?
Fortana
116
What are vini delle sabbie?
wines of Bosco Eliceo DOC in Emilia-Romagna, grafted on their own roots (sandy soils)
117
What city is home to the most prestigious Aceto Balsamico Tradizionale?
Modena
118
What grapes are used for Aceto Balsamico Tradizionale?
Trebbiano Romagnolo or Lambrusco
119
What is the production key to the unique character of Aceto Balsamico Tradizionale?
aging in different wood barrels
120
What is the key term in Aceto Balsamico Tradizionale that indicates an authentic DOP product?
Tradizionale, if from Modena or Reggio-Emilia, aged 12 years
121
Which part of Emilia Romagna is dominated by a large umbrella appellation?
Romagna, Romagna DOC with 5 sub-designations
122
Which appellation in Emilia Romagna produces a Vin Santo?
Colli Piacenza DOC as well as in the sub-zone, Vin Santo di Vigoleno
