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Trentino* Flashcards

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1
Q

How did Trentino’s history help to shape its modern wine industry?

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2
Q

What is the importance of German and Austrian influence on Trentino’s wine industry?

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3
Q

What are the factors that influence the Trentino’s climate and how the region is divided climatically?

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4
Q

How is Trentino’s growing area sub-divided and what makes the divisions different from each other (soils,
climate, elevations, grape varieties, etc.)?

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5
Q

Describe the topography and soils of Trentino’s winegrowing areas.

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6
Q

What is the influence of rivers, lakes and valleys on viticultural practices in Trentino?

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7
Q

How has the vineyard landscape and the current most planted varieties in Trentino changed over time?

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8
Q

What are the grape varieties utilized for Trentino’s “need to know” appellations?

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9
Q

What is the origin and history of Trentino’s “need to know” grape varieties?

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10
Q

Which varieties are used for still, sparkling and dessert wines in Trentino?

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11
Q

Which wines allow blending partners and which must be 100% varietal in Trentino?

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12
Q

What are the permissible wine styles (still, sparkling, dessert, etc.) of the “need to know” appellations in Trentino?

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13
Q

What winemaking techniques are specific to “need to know” appellations in Trentino?

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14
Q

What are the legally permissible blending formulas of the “need to know” appellations in Trentino?

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15
Q

Where are the “need to know” appellations situated within Trentino’s sub-regions?

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16
Q

Describe the climate, topography and geology of the “need to know” appellations in Trentino.

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17
Q

Who are the key historical figures associated with specific appellations in Trentino?

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18
Q

Whatis the capital of Trentino?

A

Trento

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19
Q

What is Bolzano?

A

Historic name for Alto Adige.

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20
Q

What is Südtirol?

A

German term for Alto Adige

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21
Q

What is South Tyrol?

A

Südtirol, former Austrian territory

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22
Q

How do the people of Trentino - Alto Adige identify with the Italian nation?

A

people from Trentino identifies with Italy; Alto Adige has more in common with Austria than Italy, but the people self-identify as Tyrollean (“insular.”)

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23
Q

When did wine trade from Trentino expand north of the Alps?

A

92 CE, Roman emperor Domitian prohibited wine trade from north to south on the Italian Peninsula

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24
Q

Wine in Trentino dates back to what era?

A

ancient Etruscan wine amphora date to 7th century BCE

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25
When did Trentino - Alto Adige become incorporated into Italy?
Trentino and Alto Adige were annexed after WWI; administratively Alto Adige was combined with Trentino after WWII
26
What is the quality pyramid in Trentino?
80% DOC
27
What is Tridentum?
Roman city at site of present day Trento, economic and political center of the region
28
What was the commercial effect on wine making in Trentino when controlled by Austro-Hungarian Empire?
beneficial in terms of viticulture, oenology and exports
29
What is the Fondazione Edmund Mach?
agricultural research center started in 1874 in northern Trentino at the former monastery San Michele all'Adige
30
What regions border Trentino?
Lombardia (W/SW), Veneto (E/SE), Alto Adige (N)
31
Name the 4 principal rivers of Trentino and where they empty.
Adige into Adriatic, Sarca into Lake Garda, Avisio into Adige, Brenta into Adriatic [Sarca>Garda]
32
What is the second longest river in Italy?
Adige River
33
What is the difference between limestone and Dolomite?
Dolomite contains high level of magnesium (11%)
34
How is Trentino divided climatically?
southern part is Mediterranean; central part is semi-continental; Tributary/Transversal Valleys is alpine
35
What climatic factor limits viticulture of red grapes?
fall rains force early picking
36
What is Ora del Garda?
daytime north blowing breeze across Lake Garda
37
Where is Val de Cembra?
valley formed by Aviso River, just northeast of Trento, which flows into Adige River [ACA]
38
What are the wine growing districts of Valadige?
along Adige River: Campo Rotaliano (N) and Vallagarina (S) (Rotaliano Plain and Lagarina Valley)
39
Where is Valle dei Laghi?
formed by Sarca River north of Lake Garda
40
Where is Val Sugana?
formed by Brento River; southeast of Trento [sugarbear]
41
What are the native and traditional need to know white grapes in Trentino?
Nosiola
42
What are the native and traditional need to know red grapes in Trentino?
Teroldego and Marzemino
43
What are the international need to know white grapes in Trentino?
Chardonnay, Pinot Grigio, Müller-Thurgau
44
What are the international need to know red grapes in Trentino?
none
45
What is mix of red/white grapes in Trentino?
now 70% white (historically was red)
46
What is the significance of Tenuta San Leonardo?
produces premium Bordeaux blends in Trentino (others international reds are easy drinking)
47
When did production of red/white grapes flip in Trentino?
1980's with varietal Chardonnay and Pinot Grigio
48
What is the genetic origin of Müller-Thurgau?
cross between Riesling and Madeleine Royale
49
What wine is associated with Nosiola?
Vino Santo; dry versions are also made
50
What wine growing district is associated with Nosiola?
Valle dei Laghi (Vino Santo) [vinO santo TrentinO]
51
What is the most planted grape in Trentino?
Chardonnay, introduced at end of 19th century [only region where most planted grape is international?]
52
What wine growing district is associated with Müller-Thurgau?
Val de Cembra (Aviso River) and city of Faedo
53
What is the most harvested grape in Trentino?
Pinot Grigio (second most widely planted after Chardonnay]
54
Marzemino is native to where?
Vallagrina
55
Teroldego is native to where?
Trentino's Rotaliano (sandy) Plain
56
Describe the topographic breakdown of Trentino.
mostly mountain (70% at high altitude)
57
What is the main influence of the climate in the southern part of Trentino?
lake and breezes moderate, creating Mediterranean climate
58
What is the climate in Val Sugana?
alpine climate in a transversal valley in Trentino
59
What is the climate in Val di Cembra?
alpine climate in a tributary valley in Trentino
60
What is the climate in Valdadige?
semi-continental, mix of Mediterranean and alpine climates
61
What is the climate in Valle dei Laghi?
Mediterranean climate in Trentino due to moderation effect of Lake Garda
62
Where is rainfall higher in Trentino?
southern part
63
How does altitude influence rainfall in Trentino?
higher altitude gets more rain
64
When does rain occur in Trentino? how does it affect viticulture?
spring and fall; fall rain forces early picking and suboptimal maturity with less cultivation of red grapes
65
What are the historically important red grapes in Trentino?
Schiava, Teroldego, Marezzino and Enantio [STEM]
66
Where are dry versions of Nosiola made?
Valdadige
67
What is significance of the genetics of Teroldego?
related to Dureza, parent of Syrah
68
What is the "Prince of Trentino"?
Teroldego
69
What is most important wine area of Trentino?
Valdadige, 80% of vineyards
70
What is Pergola Trentina?
traditional, local, over-head training system with an inclined wire support
71
What are the advantages of Pergola Trentina?
capture sunshine and ensure ventilation
72
What is most important appellation in Trentino in terms of volume?
Trentino DOC
73
What is most important appellation in Trentino in terms of different styles of wine produced?
Trentino DOC
74
Name a large regional DOC in Trentino?
Trentino DOC
75
What is the role of single varietals in Trentino DOC?
great majority of production, 85% minimum for variety, except for 100% for Gewurztraminer and a few other.
76
How many sub-zones are in Trentino DOC?
7
77
What are the need to know sub-zones in Trentino DOC?
T. Vino Santo, T. Vino Santo Superiore, T. Marzemino Superiore Isera, T. Marzemino Superiore Ziresi
78
Who is Foradori?
Elisabetta Foradori, pioneer producer of high quality wine in Teroldego Rotarian DOC [P]
79
What is the meaning of Ziresi?
cherry trees in Trentino dialect
80
What style wines are made in Teroldego Rotaliano DOC
dry, still, red and rose from Teroldego
81
Who is Ferrari?
Giulio Ferrari, oenologist in Trentino, that pioneered high quality bottle fermented sparkling wine starting 1902 [P)
82
What was first Italian DOC dedicated exclusively to traditional method sparkling wine?
Trento DOC (1993)
83
Trento DOC overlaps with what appellation?
Trentino DOC
84
What are the main grapes used in Trento DOC?
Chardonnay and Pinot Nero (Pinot Blanc and/or Meunier are also allowed)
85
What are lees aging requirements in Trento DOC?
15/24/36 months: NV/vintage (Millesimato)/Riserva [like Franciacorta, more than Champagne for NV aging]
86
What are the primary IGT's in Trentino?
Vigneti delle Dolomiti IGT, inter-regional (Trentino, Alto Adige, part of Veneto) appellation
87
What quality wines come from Vigneti delle Dolomiti IGT?
Bordeaux blends and single varietals
88
Trentino's wine industry is dominated by what type of producer?
cooperatives
89
What is the most planted red grape in Trentino?
Teroldego or Merlot (6%)
90
What is the history of cooperatives in Trentino?
local independent grassroot effort dating from early 1900's as opposed to governmental sponsored organization as in other regions
91
How is the focus of cooperatives in Trentino different from other regions?
strong focus on quality, even to the extent of single vineyard bottlings
92
Müller-Thurgau is a need to know grape in what region?
both Trentino (Val de Cemba) and Alto Adige (Isarco Valley and Venosta Valley)
93
What is the difference between Isarco and Sarco
Isarco River flows into Adige River in Alto Adige; Sarco river flows into Lake Garda
94
Where are most of the Trentino's vineyards found?
on the valley floor [contrast with Alto Adige: hillsides, floor reserved for apples]
95
What is the difference between chalk and limestone?
"Chalk" is a variety of "limestone" which is composed primarily of the shells of single-celled, calcium carbonate secreting creatures. Limestone, but not chalk, is a soil in Trentino

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