Emotion Regulation (W7, L2) Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is emotion regulation?
It is a process we do to initiate, maintain, and alter emotional responses.
Emotion regulation includes both down-regulating and up-regulating emotional experiences.
What is down-regulating in emotion regulation?
Lowering or decreasing an emotional experience, such as not laughing at a funeral.
Down-regulating can apply to both negative and positive emotions.
What is up-regulating in emotion regulation?
Heightening or increasing an emotional experience, such as expressing joy when interacting with a baby.
What are the types of strategies for emotion regulation?
Strategies can be voluntary or involuntary, and we can also regulate other people’s emotions.
What is emotion generation?
The process involving Situation > Attention > Evaluate > Response, which influences feelings, behavior, and physiology.
What are the five types of emotional regulation strategies?
- Situation selection
- Situation modification
- Attentional deployment
- Cognitive change
- Response modulation
What is situation selection in emotional regulation?
Changing the situation to avoid negative emotional experiences, e.g., not booking a dentist appointment.
What is situation modification in emotional regulation?
Modifying the situation to make it more bearable, e.g., bringing a friend to the dentist.
What is attentional deployment in emotional regulation?
Shifting attention to alter emotional responses, e.g., listening to music or a podcast.
What is cognitive change in emotional regulation?
Changing how one thinks about a situation to alter emotional impact, e.g., thinking about having beautiful teeth after a dental visit.
What is response modulation in emotional regulation?
Trying to suppress or control emotional expressions, e.g., holding back tears.
What is suppression in emotional regulation?
Decreasing emotion-expressive behavior, linked with ‘Response’.
What are the limitations of suppression?
- Doesn’t change emotions
- Increases negative emotions
- Increases depressive symptoms
- Reduces memory
What is reappraisal in emotional regulation?
Changing the meaning of a situation to decrease emotional impact, linked with ‘Evaluation’.
Decreases negative emotion-expressive behavior
* Increases positive emotions
* Decreases physiological responses
What are the limitations of reappraisal?
- Only useful in some contexts
When is reappraisal most useful?
When emotions are low to moderate; high emotions may require distraction.
How does emotion regulation develop in infants?
Simple strategies start in infancy, involving self-soothing behaviors.
What strategies do one-year-olds use for emotion regulation?
- Move away from disliked stimuli
- Turn to caregivers for help
What behaviors do two-year-olds exhibit in emotion regulation?
- Attempt to control others’ behaviors
- Push away disliked persons or things
- Self-distract
- Attempt to suppress
What is the significance of the ‘locked toy box’ study?
It tests preschoolers’ self-regulation skills in emotionally challenging situations.
What cognitive skills do preschoolers acquire for emotional regulation?
They learn that changing thoughts can change emotions and use simple reappraisal with adult support.
At what age can children independently use reappraisal as an emotional regulation strategy?
5-6 years old.
What can 7-8 year olds self-report regarding reappraisal?
They can report that using reappraisal helps decrease negative emotions.
How do parents influence children’s emotional regulation?
Parents who model reappraisal and supportive reactions tend to have children who use reappraisal.
