endocrine

Question 1

elevated prolactin with secondary hypothyroidism and hypogonadism

Answer 1

non-functioning pituitary adenoma

Question 2

complications of thyroid surgery

Answer 2

recurrent laryngeal nerve damage
bleeding causing laryngeal oedema and resp compromise
damage to parathyroid glands-> hypocalcaemia

Question 3

hypocalcaemia on ECG

Answer 3

prolonged QT interval

Question 4

management of phaeochromocytoma

Answer 4

surgery is definitive
stabalise: phenoxybenzamine then propanolol

Question 5

treatment of choice with toxic multinodular goitre

Answer 5

radioiodine therapy

Question 6

management of postpartum thyroiditis

Answer 6

thyrotoxic phase: propranolol
hypothyroid phase: thyroxine

Question 7

management of myxoedemic coma

Answer 7

thyroxine and hydrocortisone

Question 8

signs of addison’s disease

Answer 8

hypotension
hypoglycaemia
hyponatraemia and hyperkalaemia

Question 9

calculation for serum osmolality

Answer 9

2 x Na + urea + glucose

Question 10

what should patients with addisons also be given

Answer 10

hydrocortisone for injections

Question 11

management of prolactinoma

Answer 11

majority treated medically: dopamine agonist (cabergoline, bromocriptine)
surgery for those who can’t tolerate it

Question 12

C-peptide levels in diabetes

Answer 12

low in T1DM
high in T2DM

Question 13

first line investigation for thyroid nodule

Answer 13

USS