neuro

Question 1

progressive peripheral polyneuropathy with hyporeflexia

Answer 1

guillain-barre syndrome

Question 2

first line management of tonic or atonic seizure

Answer 2

lamotrigine

Question 3

sudden weakness in all body muscles, short duration and retained awareness

Answer 3

atonic seizure

Question 4

chronic subdural haematoma on CT

Answer 4

hypodense (dense), crescentic collection extra-axially

Question 5

acute management of status epilepticus

Answer 5

prehospital: PR diazepam or buccal midazolam
hospital: IV lorazepam

Question 6

antibiotics given for meningitis in > 60s

Answer 6

ceftriaxone + amox
(add vanc if travelled to high risk areas or recent antibiotic use)

Question 7

antibiotics given for meningitis in 3 months-60

Answer 7

IV cetriaxone

Question 8

management of TIA within 24 hours if high bleeding risk

Answer 8

clopidogrel monotherapy plus PPI

Question 9

management of absence seizures

Answer 9

first line: ethosuximide
second line: lamotrigine or levetiracetam

Question 10

weber’s syndrome

Answer 10

contralateral weakness
ipsilateral III palsy

Question 11

how to tell if it is drug induced parkinsons

Answer 11

bilateral features that are progressive but without rigidity or tremor

Question 12

management of SAH

Answer 12

A-E: intubation, monitoring
adequate analgesia
nimodipine: prevent vasospasms
if caused by aneurysm: coil

Question 13

what is brown-sequard syndrome

Answer 13

caused by trauma: lateral hemisection of the cord
ipsilateral weakness, loss of proprioception and vibration
contralateral loss of pain and temperature

Question 14

parkinson triad (tremor, hypertonia and bradykinesia) plus spontaneous activity or unable to move

Answer 14

cortico-basal degeneration

Question 15

parkinson triad plus autonomic disturbance (ED, postural hypotension, atonic bladder)

Answer 15

multiple system atrophy

Question 16

CSF findings in viral meningitis

Answer 16

predominantly lymphocytes
negative culture
raised proteins
normal glucose