Endocrine

Question 0

steroid hormone synthesis & storage

Answer 0

synthesized from cholesterol

not stored- synthesized as they are needed

Question 1

storage of peptide hormones?

secretion mechanism of peptide hormones?

Answer 1

stored in vesicles

elevated cAMP & Ca2+ due to a stimulus results in exocytosis

Question 2

anterior pituitary hormones (7)

Answer 2

TSH
ACTH
GH
LH, FSH, MSH, Prolactin

Question 3

which pituitary is connected to the hypothalamus via a portal vein?

Answer 3

anterior pituitary

Question 4

posterior pituitary hormones (2)

Answer 4

ADH & Oxytocin

Question 5

stimulation of oxytocin secretion

Answer 5

suckling, other baby stuff

Question 6

signal for GH synthesis & release?

Answer 6

GHRH

Question 7

direct effect of growth hormone

Answer 7

maintaining plasma glucose

Question 8

effect of IGF release

Answer 8

increased somatic cell growth

Question 9

direct effects of GH? (3)

Answer 9

increased AA uptake & incorporation into protein
decrease glucose uptake by tissues, increase in liver glucose
increased lipolysis

Question 10

3 main targets of GH

Answer 10

adipose
liver
muscle

Question 11

indirect effects of GH (4)

Answer 11

increased IGF secretion
increased linear long bone growth
increased protein synthesis
organ hypertrophy & hyperplasia

Question 12

IGF-1 effects of GH? (2)

Answer 12

increased somatostatin release

decreased GH release

Question 13

GHRH regulation?

Answer 13

inhibits its own release at the hypthalamus

Question 14

GH regulation? (4)

Answer 14

inhibits its own secretion at the anterior pituitary
increases IGF release, which inhibits GH release from anterior pit.
increases somatostatin release, which inhibits GH
hypothalamus senses plasma glucose levels

Question 15

site of thyroid hormone synthesis

site of thyroid hormone storage

Answer 15

synthesized in follicular cell

stored in the lumen/colloid

Question 16

what modulates activity of iodide uptake

Answer 16

iodide trap is modulated by diet: low iodide intake, high trap activity

Question 17

iodide oxidation: transporter and oxidation enzyme

Answer 17

transported by pendrin

oxidized by thyroid peroxidase

Question 18

stimulator of thyroid hormone secretion?

Answer 18

TSH

Question 19

negative feedback for thyroid hormone secretion (3)

Answer 19

hypothalamic dopamine & somatostatin
T3 downregulates TRH receptor
T3 decreases TSH synthesis

Question 20

metabolic effects of thyroid hormone (4)

Answer 20

increased BMR
increased O2 consumption
increased body temp.
increased Na-K-ATPase pump activity

Question 21

thyroid hormone cardio effects (3)

Answer 21

increased CO
increased ventilation
increased contractility

Question 22

thyroid hormone SNS effect?

Answer 22

increased synthesis of B-adrenergic receptors in skeletal mm. and adipocytes