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Physiology II > Acid-Base Disorders > Flashcards

Acid-Base Disorders Flashcards

0
Q

high HCO3

A

metabolic alkalosis

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1
Q

low HCO3

A

metabolic acidosis

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2
Q

high PCO2

A

respiratory acidosis

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3
Q

low PCO2

A

respiratory alkalosis

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4
Q

metabolic acidosis

A

low HCO3

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5
Q

metabolic alkalosis

A

high HCO3

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6
Q

respiratory acidosis

A

high PCO2

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7
Q

respiratory alkalosis

A

low PCO2

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8
Q

causes of metabolic alkalosis (3)

A

ingestion of alkali
hyperaldosteronism
ECF volume contraction (vomiting, NG suction, diuretics)

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9
Q

why does ECF volume contraction cause metabolic alkalosis (2)

A

causes increased H+ loss via renin-AngII-aldosterone system, which stimulates Na+H+ antiporter
aldosterone stimulates H+ATPase secretion of H+

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10
Q

feature of saline-responsive alkalosis

A

hypochloremia

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11
Q

causes of metabolic acidosis (4)

A

ingestion of acids or acid-forming compounds
HCO3 loss (diarrhea)
non-volatile acid accumulation (lactic acid, etc.)
reduced renal HCO3 recovery

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12
Q

metabolic acidosis from diminished tubular H+ secretion

A

renal tubular acidoses

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13
Q

Type I RTA

A

H+ATPase activity is reduced

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14
Q

Type II (proximal)

A

Na+H+ antiporter activity is reduced

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15
Q

Type IV RTA

A

reduced formation of NH4

16
Q

anion gap increases when?

A

conditions liberate fixed acids, which buffers the HCO3

17
Q

causes of respiratory alkalosis (3)

A

high altitude
anxiety
hypoxemia

18
Q

respiratory acidosis causes (4)

A

central respiratory regulation impairment
chest wall dysfunction
impaired airway mechanics
impaired gas exchange

19
Q

Conn syndrome

A

partially compensated metabolic alkalosis

20
Q

DKA

A

partially compensated metabolic acidosis

21
Q

Contraction alkalosis (vomiting)

A

partially compensated metabolic alkalosis

22
Q

renal failure acid/base disruption?

A

metabolic acidosis w/ some respiratory compensation

23
Q

smoker w/ emphysema acid/base dysfunction

A

respiratory acidosis

24
Q

what PCO2 and HCO3 would be expected of a smoker w/ emphysema

A

high PCO2

high HCO3

Physiology II (4 decks)

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