Endocrine

Question 1

What hormone does the adrenal gland produce?

Answer 1

Adrenaline

Question 2

What hormones do the pancreas produce?

Answer 2

Insulin and glucagon

Question 3

What hormones does the thyroid produce?

Answer 3

Thyroxine and calcitonin

Question 4

What hormones does the pituitary produce?

Answer 4

ADH
Somatotrophin
FSH
LH
Oxytocin

Question 5

What hormone does the testes produce?

Answer 5

Testosterone

Question 6

What hormone does the ovaries produce?

Answer 6

Oestrogen

Question 7

What is the role of adrenaline?

Answer 7

Fight or flight response - breathing and heart rate increases

Question 8

What is the role of insulin?

Answer 8

Lowers blood sugar

Question 9

What is the role of glucagon?

Answer 9

Rasies blood sugar

Question 10

What is the role of thyroxine?

Answer 10

Regulates metabolism

Question 11

What is the role of calcitonin?

Answer 11

Lowers blood calcium levels

Question 12

What is the role of ADH

Answer 12

Regulation of water levels

Question 13

What is the role of somatotropin?

Answer 13

Regulates secretion of hormones in body

Question 14

What is the role of LH?

Answer 14

Stimulates ovaries to produce egg

Question 15

What is the role of FSH?

Answer 15

Triggers ovulation

Question 16

What is the role of oxytocin?

Answer 16

Lactation - production of breast milk

Question 17

What is the role of oestrogen?

Answer 17

Female sex characteristics

Question 18

What is the role of testosterone?

Answer 18

Male sex characteristics

Question 19

What is deamination?

Answer 19

Liver cells remove excess amino acids = releases ammonia - converted to urea and travels in blood to kidneys to be filtered out of blood and exit body

Question 20

What is detoxification?

Answer 20

Breakdown of toxins - alcohol and drugs

Question 21

How is bile produced?

Answer 21

Liver cells break down and recycle red blood cells
Haemoglobin recycled - biliverdin + bilirubin
Passes out into bile + out of body

Question 22

What is the function of the cortex in kidney?

Answer 22

Outer layer of kidney

Question 23

What is the function of the medulla in kidney?

Answer 23

Inner region where 1000s of nephrons are located

Question 24

What is the function of the renal artery in kidney?

Answer 24

Supplied kidney with blood

Question 25

What is the function of the renal vein in kidney?

Answer 25

Carries filtered blood

Question 26

What is the function of the calyx in kidney?

Answer 26

Chambers where urine passes

Question 27

What is the function of the ureters?

Answer 27

Tubes carrying urine to bladder

Question 28

What is the function of the bladder?

Answer 28

Stores urine

Question 29

What is the function of the urethra?

Answer 29

Where urine passes out

Question 30

What is homeostasis?

Answer 30

The maintenance of a constant internal environment

Question 31

What does homeostasis control?

Answer 31

Concentration of CO2 in blood Body temperature Blood sugar levels Water content

Question 32

What is negative feedback?

Answer 32

A feedback loop where output of a system reduces activity that causes output e.g. If levels rise, control system reduces them

Question 33

What is positive feedback?

Answer 33

Push levels out of normal range e.g. blood platelets accumulate and form blood clots

Question 34

What happens when we get too hot?

Answer 34

Vasodialation (blood vessels rise to surface) + sweating (heat goes into sweat + evaporated)

Question 35

What happens when we get too cold?

Answer 35

Vasoconstriction (blood vessels lower to conserve heat) + hairs rise + trap air + shivering produces heat

Question 36

What are the islets of langerhans?

Answer 36

Within the pancreas and cells that produce pancreatic juices there are special groups of cells called islets of langerhans which contain insulin and glucagon - release them