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Hesi 2 > Endocrine archer > Flashcards

Endocrine archer Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

What is Addisons disease

A

not enough steroids

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2
Q

What is cushings disease

A

too many steroids

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3
Q

list 3 steroids

A

glucocorticoids
mineral corticoids
sex hormones

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4
Q

what do glucocorticoids do

A

affect mood
cause immune suppression
breakdown fats and proteins
inhibit insulin

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5
Q

name a mineralcorticoid

A

aldosterone

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6
Q

what is aldosterone responsible for

A

retention of sodium and water
excrete potassium

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7
Q

signs of Addisons disease

A

fatigue
weight loss
hypoglycemia
confusion
loss of sodium and water
retain potassium
hypotension
low sex hormones
GI disturbances

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8
Q

signs of adrenal crisis

A

extreme fatigue
fever
hypotension
renal shutdown
increased serum K
decreased NA

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9
Q

treatment for addisons

A

replace fluids and steroids

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10
Q

signs of cushings

A

moon face
buffalo hump
weight gain
thin skin
easy bruising
thin extremities
slow healing
hyper glycemia
potassium excretion

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11
Q

Treatment of cushings

A

adrenalectomy
avoid infection>because of immunosupression

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12
Q

What is diabetes insipidus

A

not enough ADH

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13
Q

What is SIADH

A

too much ADH

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14
Q

who should you monitor for ADH

A

craniotomy
head injury
sinus surgery

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15
Q

What does ADH do

A

make you retain water

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16
Q

What is synthetic ADH

A

vasopressin

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17
Q

What happens in diabetes insipidus

A

Body releases all fluids

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18
Q

signs of DI

A

dehydration
increased HR
hypotension
muscle cramps
light headed
increased UOP
weight loss

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19
Q

urine changed with DI

A

decreased urine specific gravity

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20
Q

blood changes with DI

A

increased serum NA
increased serum osmolarity
HCT greater than 40%

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21
Q

treatment of DI

A

monitor neurostatus
replace fluids
vasopressin

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22
Q

signs of SIADH

A

weight gain
anorexia
nausea
vomiting
LOW SERUM SODIUM
irritability
confusion
hallucinations
siezures

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23
Q

urine lab changes for SIADH

A

decreased urine output
increased osmolarity
increased specific gravity
increased urine sodium

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24
Q

blood lab changes for SIADH

A

increased blood volume
decreased osmolarity
hyponatremia
anemia

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25
SIADH treatment
sodium replacement seizure precaution fluid restriction hypertonic saline
26
what is graves disease
hyperthyroidism
27
signs of a thyroid storm
sweating tremor exophthalmos goiter arrhythmia and tachycardia nausea diahrrhea oligomenorrhea muscle weakness chest pain HEADACHE WEIGHT LOSS NERVOUSNESS EMOTIONAL INSTABILITY
28
treatment of graves disease
methimazole iodine compounds radioactive iodine therapy thyroidectomy
29
what do iodine compounds do
decrease size and vascularity of the thyroid gland
30
what does radioactive iodine do
destroy thyroid cells
31
signs of hypothyroidism
weight gain poor memory cold intolerance fatigue hair loss and thinning puffy face dry coarse skin constipation cool and sweating extremities slow HR infertility heavy menstration
32
what does parathyroid hormone do
causes calcium to be pulled out of bones and into blood causes an increase in serum calcium
33
what happens with not enough PTH
serum calcium goes down phosphorus goes up
34
CNS symptoms of hypoparathyroid
seizures calcifications parkinsons or dystonia
35
cardiacsymptoms of hypoparathyroid
arrhythmias hypocalcemia dilated cardiomyopathy
36
respiratory symptoms of hypoparathyroid
laryngospasm
37
renal symptoms of hypoparathyroid
nephrocalcinosis kidney stones chronic kidney disease
38
ophthalmologic symptoms of hypoparathyroid
cataracts papilloedema
39
skin symptoms of hypoparathyroid
dry onycholysis coarse thin hair pustular psoriasis
40
neuropsychiatric symptoms of hypoparathyroid
anxiety and depression
41
PNS symptoms of hypoparathyroid
paraesthesia muscle cramps tetany
42
dental symptoms of hypoparathyroid
altered tooth morphology
43
musculoskeletal symptoms of hypoparathyroid
myopathy spondyloarthropathy
44
treatment of hypoparathyroid
calcium replacement phosphate binders
45
what is hyperparathyroid
too much PTH high serum calcium low phosphorus
46
digestive symptoms of hyperparathyroid
loss of appetite nausea vomiting constipation
47
musculoskeletal symptoms of hyperparathyroid
muscle weakness aches and pains in bones and joints
48
nervous symptoms of hyperparathyroid
fatigue depression confusion
49
urinary symptoms of hyperparathyroid
kidney stones increased thirst increased urination
50
treatment of hyperparathyroid
partial parathyroidectomy
51
symptoms of DM
frequent urination blurred vision extreme hunger weightloss increased thirst fatigue
52
rapid acting name onset peak duration
aspart and lispro onset 15 min peak 30-90 duration 3-5hrs
53
short acting name onset peak duration
regular onset 30-60 min peak 2-4hrs duration 6-8hrs
54
intermediate name onset peak duration
NPH (cloudy) onset 1-2hrs peak 6-14hrs duration 16-24
55
long acting name onset peak duration
glargine onset 1-2hrs peak none duration 24hrs
56
how do you mix insulin
regular 1st than cloudy never mix long acting
57
What happens in DKA
no insulin causes glucose to build up kidneys try to filter it causing polyuria cells are starving so protein and fat for energy producing keynotes causing metabolic acidosis
58
treatment of DKA
hourly BG and serum potassium monitor output and prevent shock NS to start when BS is down to 250-300 D%W added to prevent hypoglycemia insulin
59
what happens if BS drops to fast
cerebral edema
60
early signs of DKA
thirst urination increased BG ketones
61
later signs of DKA
weak/Sleepy dry flushed skin Nausea vomiting, diarrhea pain in abd difficulty breathing fruity breath
62
long term damage of diabtes
poor wound healing frequent infections vision problems kidney problems
63
signs and symptoms of dm2
thirst and dry mouth blurred vision increased urine output lack of energy tingling in hands and feet recurrent fungal infections of skin sexual issues
64
treatment of diabetes 2
low carb- complex carb diet protein and veggies exercise metformin insulin
65
complications of diabetes
cerebrovascular disease kidney damage foot infections retinopathy and blindness heart attac peripheral neuropathy
66
signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia
cold clammy confused shaky nervous nausea headache hungry blurry vision
67
treatment of hypoglycemia
15g of carbs> wait 15 minutes > 15 more g of carbs eat snack with complex carbs/ protein to keep BS up if unconscious IV D50W IM glucagon
68
when should she hold metforim
when getting contrast dye (kidney damage)

Hesi 2 (10 decks)

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