Flashcards in Endocrine Disorders Deck (42):
1
what is precocious puberty
early sexual development
boys
2
average age of puberty development for boys
12
3
average age of puberty in girls
10.2 years of age (Caucasian)
9.6 years of age (African-American)
4
most of the time the cause of precocious puberty is unknown, t or f
true
5
precocious puberty in girls increases risk for what?
cancer (breast)
6
age of youngest documented mother in history
5 years old
7
dx of precocious puberty
GnRH stimulation test (definitive) - increase in testosterone, estrogen
x-ray of bone in wrist compared to others the same age (>2 years will receive dx)
8
if child is less than 6 yrs old with dx of precocious puberty will likely have a dx of what
tumors
9
why treat precocious puberty
body image issues
preserve adult height
to stop development
prevent pregnancy
trt underlying cause
10
what do we treat precocious puberty with
lupron - given IM, or yearly implant
11
around the time of normal puberty (11-12 y.o.) what will we do?
stop lupron - may stop sooner (16 months before puberty starts naturally)
12
when can a child handle giving themselves injections
around 9 y.o.
13
type 1 diabetes is typically seen in this age group
childhood and adolescence
14
2 peak incidences in type 1 diabetes
4-6
10-14
15
s/s of type 1 diabetes
abd pain
fatigue
bed-wetting
16
3 "polys" of diabetes
polyphagia
polydipsia
polyuria
17
children are typically in dka when they are dx as type 1, t or f
true
18
at what age can a child stick their finger for blood glucose
as early as age 4-5
19
when can a child draw up dose of insulin
age 11-12
20
teach a child to carry this with them w/type 1 diabetes
candy, sugar cubes
21
mgmt for toddlers with type 1 diabetes
timed meal plan w/snacks 3 times/day
offer choices (which finger do you want to use)
22
when a child is hypo or hypoglycemic what will they present with
irritability - temper tantrum
23
can a toddler recognize their sugar is low, yes or no
no
24
develop a code word with preschoolers when they feel their blood sugar is low, t or f
true
25
what happens to blood sugar with increased activity
blood sugar will go down - decrease dose
26
dx with type 1 diabetes with fasting blood glucose of
126 or >
27
this age group has the most difficulty adjusting to dx of type 1 diabetes
adolescents - don't want to be different from peers
28
what happens to sugar when teens drink alcohol with type 1 diabetes
lowers blood sugar - especially w/binge drinking (hypoglycemic)
29
will children with type 1 diabetes wear a medical alert bracelet, yes or no
yes
30
are adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes at a high risk for developing eating disorders
yes, concerned with weight
31
when does congenital adrenal hyperplasia occur
a congenital condition that happens in utero - cause unknown
32
in congenital adrenal hyperplasia there is a deficiency in the synthesis of
cortisol (21-hydroxylase) and aldosterone
33
two conditions with CAH
mild and complete loss of cortisol
34
CAH can be a life threatening condition with complete loss of cortisol and aldosterone t or f
true - can go into hypovolemic shock
35
if you produce too many androgen's (male hormones) in the fetus what will happen if its a female
development of external male characteristics (clitoris may look like a penis)
36
s/s of adrenal insufficiency
ambiguous genitalia
tall stature for age
precocious puberty
hypo-tension
hypoglycemia
metabolic acidosis
dehydration
vomiting
37
dx CAH
difficult to assign sex in some cases
US
38
trt for CAH
give cortisone (PO) - suppresses ACTH secretion/slows linear growth
females may need reconstructive surgery of genitalia
39
is cortisone trt a life-long trt in CAH
yes
40
when do we need to increased amount of cortisone in CAH
stress, infection/illness
41
trt for complete dx of CAH
cortisone along with aldosterone (Florinef)
42