Endocrine Lecture 2

Question 1

What releasing hormones are made by the hypothalamus

Answer 1

TRH-Thyrotropin Releasing hormone
PRH-Prolactin releasing hormone
GnRH-Gonadotropin releasing hormone
CRH-Cortioctropin releasing hormone
GHRH-Growth hormone releasing hormone

Question 2

What inhibiting hormones are released by the hypothalmus

Answer 2

PIH, GIH

Prolactin inhibiting hormone
Growth inhibiting hormone

Question 3

What does the pituitary gland release?

Answer 3

TSH-thyroid stimulating hormone
PRL-prolactin
FSH-follicule stimulating hormone
ACTH-adrenocorticotropic hormone
GH=growth hormone

Question 4

What does TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) do

Answer 4

Stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormone

Question 5

What does PRL (prolactin) do

Answer 5

Acts on mammary glands to stimulate milk productino

Question 6

What does FSH (follicle stimulating hormone and LH (luteinizing hormone) do?

Answer 6

Act on gonads to stimulate development of gametes

Question 7

What does GH (growth hormone) do

Answer 7

Act on all body tissues to stimulate growth

Question 8

What does ACTH (adrenocorticotropic) do

Answer 8

Acts on the adrenal cortex to cause release corticosteroids

Question 9

Where does the thyroid gland store its secreotyr substances?

Answer 9

Follicles

Question 10

Each follicle in the thyroid stores hormone supply where

Answer 10

colloid

Question 11

What are the hormones in the colloid and what are they bound to?

Answer 11

T3 and T4

Bound to thyroglobulin

Question 12

What do parafolliular cells make

Answer 12

calcitonin

Question 13

What does calcitonin do?

Answer 13

Inhibits bone reabsorption by osteoclasts and lowers calcium concentrations in blood.

Question 14

What compnents make T3 and T4 that follicular cells produce?

Answer 14

Tyrosine residuals iodinated w/one or two iodide ions and two of MIT and DIT are coupled

Question 15

What stimulates follicular cells to make T3 and T4

Answer 15

TSH

Question 16

Parafollicular cells

AKA

Answer 16

Clear cells

C cells

Question 17

Where are parafollicular cells derived from

Answer 17

Neural crest cells`

Question 18

Ultimate purpose of calcitonin

Answer 18

Reduce Ca2+ lvls in blood

Question 19

Major functional parenchymal cell of parathyroid gland

Answer 19

Chief cells

Question 20

What do chief cells make in parathyroid gland

Answer 20

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 21

What does PTH do

Answer 21

Increase cacium levels in blood.

Question 22

What are oxyphil cells

Answer 22

Second cell type in parathyroid gland and most likely inactive chief cells.

Question 23

How are chief cells arranged in parathyroid gland

Answer 23

Cords and clusters and in some species, Rosettes

Question 24

T/F Dogs have oxyphils

Answer 24

F

Dogs lack oxyphils

Question 25

Adrenal gland is divided into | -Embryological origin

Answer 25

Cortex (mesoderm) and medulla(ectoderm)

Question 26

Give layers of the adrenal gland and what they are stimulated by and what they release

Answer 26

Zona glomerulosa - Activated=angiotensin II or ACTH - Make aldosterone Zona fasciculata - Activated=ACTH - Make cortisol and corticosterone Zona reticularis - Activated=ACTH - Make=androgens (glucocorticoids) Medulla - Activated=sympathetic splanchic n - Make=epinephrine and noepinephrine

Question 27

Which zone in adrenal gland contains spongiocytes

Answer 27

Zona fasciculata

Question 28

Parenchymal cells of medulla in adrenal gland

Answer 28

Chromaffin cells

Question 29

What is the common precursor of products from adrenal gland?

Answer 29

Cholestrol