Endocrine System

Question 1

Endocrine gland’s function

Answer 1

discharge secretions through a duct to a targeted tissue (ex. digestive glands)

Question 2

How glands send hormones

Answer 2

Hormone (via bloodstream)->target(effect)

Question 3

What do Exocrine glands have

Answer 3

Have a duct and discharge on an epithelial surface

Question 4

Endocrine glands duct status

Answer 4

Are ductless

Question 5

How is the endocrine system regulated?

Answer 5

Negative feedback

Question 6

What does insulin do?

Answer 6

Gets glucose into the cells

Question 7

If someone is diabetic, what is wrong with them?

Answer 7

Lack of insulin in their blood

Question 8

Hypothalamus’s function for the endocrine system

Answer 8

link between the nervous and endocrine system

Question 9

What are neurosecretory cells

Answer 9

specialized neurons that synthesize and secrete hormones

Question 10

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) function

Answer 10

Stimulates the release of thyroxin

Question 11

Hypothalamus produces this hormone

Answer 11

Thyrotropin (TRH)- releasing hormones

Question 12

RH

Answer 12

Pituitary-releasing hormones

Question 13

RIH (pituitary)

Answer 13

Pituitary releasse inhibiting hormones

Question 14

What is the “master gland”?

Answer 14

The posterior pituitary

Question 15

Function of the pituitary gland

Answer 15

Helps with the control of the body and tissue growth

Question 16

Which 2 hormones control estrogen and progesterone production?

Answer 16

Follicle stimulating hormone & luternizing hormone

Question 17

Adreno-corticotropic hormone (ACTH) function

Answer 17

Stimulates the release of chemicals from the adrenal cortex

Question 18

Adreno-corticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulator/secretion

Answer 18

CRH-glucocorticoids & androgens

Question 19

Growth Hormone (GH) function

Answer 19

Stimualtes cell growth

Question 20

Growth Hormone (GH) stimulator/secretion

Answer 20

GnRH-estrogen & testosterone

Question 21

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) function

Answer 21

Increases production of melanin

Question 22

Prolactin function

Answer 22

Stimulates production of milk in nursing mothers

Question 23

What chemical does the thyroid hormone need to make throxine?

Answer 23

Iodine

Question 24

Sources of iodine in your diet?

Answer 24

Salt

Question 25

What 2 hormones does the posterior pituitary make

Answer 25

Oxytocin and ADH

Question 26

Which gland releases melatonin?

Answer 26

Pineal gland

Question 27

3 Thyroid hormone effects

Answer 27

1. Increasing basal melobolic rate & heat production 2. Regulating tissue growth and development 3. Maintaining blood pressure by increasing adrengic receptors

Question 28

What is myxedema (homeostatic Imbalance) and its cause

Answer 28

A hypothyroid imbalance caused from a lack of iodine

Question 29

Symptoms of Myxedema (homeostatic Imbalance)

Answer 29

1. Cold 2. Low energy 3. low metabolic rate

Question 30

What can develop from the myxedema?

Answer 30

A goite (enlarged thyroid gland)

Question 31

Graves disease symptoms

Answer 31

1. Skinnier 2. Rapid heart rate 3. Bulging eyes

Question 32

Graves disease

Answer 32

autoimmune condition where a person makes abnormal antibodies directed against thyroid follicular cells

Question 33

What do C cells (parafollicular cells) of the thyroid gland release?

Answer 33

cacitonin

Question 34

Why does the thyroid gland release cacitonin?

Answer 34

A rise in Ca+2 levels

Question 35

What does the parathyroid release and its function

Answer 35

Releasing parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates amount of calcium in the blood and the absorption by the bones

Question 36

PTH releases cause what 3 things

Answer 36

1. Enhance calcium reabsorption in the kidneys 2. stimulate osteoclasts to digest Ca+2 rich bony matrix 3. Promotes activation for vitamin

Question 37

What is the thymus and its function

Answer 37

Secretes thymosin that stimulates T-cells production in children

Question 38

Locations of the 2 Adrenal glands

Answer 38

The medulla is on the inside the cortex is on the outside

Question 39

Medulla function

Answer 39

Secrrtes epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepineohrine, which regulates our fight or flight response

Question 40

Cortex's 2 secretions and functions

Answer 40

1. Secretes aldesterone, which regulates reabsorption of nutrients from the kidney 2. Also secretes cortisol, which controls the rate of metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

Question 41

Pancreas function (2)

Answer 41

1. Secretes insulin, which the liver and muscles use to remove sugar from the blood and store it as fat 2. Also secretes glucagon, which tells the liver to break down fat stores and release sugar back in the blood

Question 42

What are gonadocorticoids

Answer 42

Adrenal sex hormones

Question 43

Glucocorticords

Answer 43

Helps with stress levels

Question 44

Inhibitor for cortisol and its location (2)

Answer 44

1. Inhibited by the ACTH 2. The posterior pituitary

Question 45

Effects of excess production of Cortisol

Answer 45

1. A depressed immune system 2. inhibited inflamation

Question 46

Glucagon function

Answer 46

1. Breaks down glycogen into glucose 2. Synthesize glucose from lactic acid and from nocarbonyl drate molecules 3. Release glucose to the blood by the liver cells, causing blood glucose levels to rise

Question 47

Beta cells of the pancreas

Answer 47

Insulin

Question 48

What do alpha cells make for the pancreas

Answer 48

glucagon

Question 49

Symptoms Diabetus insbititus (homeostatic Imbalance) (2)

Answer 49

1. Increased Thirst 2. Abnormal amounts of urination

Question 50

Cause of diabetus Insbititus (homeostatic imbalance)

Answer 50

Hyposecretion of ADH that causes insulin deficiency

Question 51

Cushing disease (homeostatic Imbalance)

Answer 51

Hypersecretion of ACTH from the pituitary that causes a tumor in the body

Question 52

Gigantism (homeostatic Imbalance)

Answer 52

Hypersecretion and hyposecretion of GH that will target epiphyleal plates causing them to be taller

Question 53

Cause of diabete mellitus (homeostatic Imbalance)

Answer 53

Insulin deficiency