Endocrine System

Question 1

What is a “true” endocrine organ?

Answer 1

Those that have no know function other than hormone production

Question 2

What are the 5 “true” endocrine organs?

Answer 2

1-Pineal
2-Pituitary (hypophysis)
3-Thyroid
4-parathyroid
5-Adrenal

Question 3

What organs are “non-Endocrine that produce hormones?

Answer 3

Hypothalamus, Pancreas, small intestine, stomach, kidney, thymus, ovary, testis, heart, Placenta.

Question 4

What hormone does the pineal gland secrete?

Answer 4

Melatonin

Question 5

What is Melatonin?

Answer 5

Stimulates the release of some hormones from the hypothalamus and is involved in circadian rhythms.
*is secreted by the Pineal Gland

Question 6

Where is Melatonin secreted?

Answer 6

The Pineal Gland?

Question 7

Is the Pineal Gland a true or non true Organ

Answer 7

It is a True Organ

Question 8

Is the Pituitary Gland(hypophysis) True or Non-true?

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is another name for Pituitary gland

Answer 9

Hypophysis

Question 10

What Hormones are released from the Pituitary gland (hypophysis)

Answer 10

Anterior lobe(adenohypophysis)
  Somatotropin(growth hormone/GH)
  Thyrotropin(TSH)
  Adrenocorticotropic h. (ACTH)
  Follicle stimulating h. (FSH)
  Luteinizing h. (LH)
  Prolactin (PRL)
  Melanocyte stimulating h. (MSH)
Posterior lobe (neurohypophysis)
  Oxytocin (OXY)
  Antidiuretic h (ADH)

Question 11

What is the abv. for Somatotropin

Answer 11

GH-growth hormone

Question 12

Where is Somatotropin (GH) released from?

Answer 12

Anterior lobe of Pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Question 13

What is Somatotropin (GH)?

Answer 13

Stimulates protein synthesis and general body growth

*Two hypothalamic hormones (GRF and GR-IH) control the secretion of GH

Question 14

What happens if you get too little/too much Somatotropin (GH)?

Answer 14

Inadequate quantities during childhood and adolescence results in dwarfism. Hypersecretion in immature individuals results in giantism. If hypersecretion is in adult the condition acromegaly results. (osseous enlargements in distal limbs, mandible, and nose.

Question 15

What is acromegaly?

Answer 15

Occurs because hypersecretion of Somatotropin (GH) in adults. Causes osseous enlargements in distal limbs, mandible and nose.

Question 16

What type of hormones is Somatotropin (GH)?

Answer 16

Protein

Question 17

What is the abv. for Thyrotropin?

Answer 17

TSH- also called thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 18

Where is Thyrotropin (TSH) released

Answer 18

Anterior lobe of pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Question 19

What is Thyrotropin (TSH)

Answer 19

stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormone.

is under the influence of thyrotropin releasing factor from the hypothalamus.

Question 20

What is the clinical considerations for Thyrotropin (TSH)

Answer 20

If the diet is deficient in iodine, the thyroid gland cannot manufacture enought thyroid hormone, this causes an increase in TSH release, causing enlargement of thyroid gland, and is diagnosed as endemic goiter

Question 21

What is the abv. for Adrenocorticotropic h.

Answer 21

ACTH

Question 22

Where is Adrenocorticotropic h. (ACTH) released

Answer 22

Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Question 23

What is Adrenocorticotropic h. (ACTH)

Answer 23

Stimulates the production of hormones by the adrenal cortex

*It is released in response to corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) from the hypothalamus

Question 24

What type of hormone is Adrenocorticotropic h. (ACTH)

Answer 24

Protein

Question 25

What is the abv. of Follicle stimulating h.

Answer 25

FSH

Question 26

Where is Follicle stimulating h. (FSH) released

Answer 26

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Question 27

What is Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 27

Is responsible for stimulating the monthly ovarian cycle in females, and for stimulating spermatogenesis in males. *The release of FSH and LH are partially controlled by gonadotropin releasing hormone from the hypothalamus

Question 28

What kind of hormone is Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 28

Protein

Question 29

What is the abv. for Luteinizing hormone

Answer 29

LH

Question 30

Where is Luteinizing hormone (LH) released

Answer 30

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Question 31

What is Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 31

stimulates ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum in femails. In males the same hormone is Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)

Question 32

What kind of hormone is Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 32

Protein

Question 33

What is the abv. for Interstitial cell stimulating hormone

Answer 33

ICSH

Question 34

Where is interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH) released

Answer 34

Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Question 35

What is interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)

Answer 35

Stimulates the interstitial cells of the testis to produce testosterone. *in females called Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 36

What is the abv. for Prolactin

Answer 36

PRL | *Also known as Lactogenic hormone (LTH)n

Question 37

Where is Prolactin (PRL) released

Answer 37

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Question 38

What is Prolactin (PRL)

Answer 38

It promotes lactation after parturition in females and has no function in males. Its release is controlled by prolactin release inhibiting factor from the hypothalamus

Question 39

What is another name for Prolactin (PRL)

Answer 39

Lactogenic hormone (LTH)

Question 40

What type of hormone is Prolactin (PRL)

Answer 40

Protein

Question 41

What is the abv. for Melanocyte stimulating Hormone

Answer 41

MSH

Question 42

Where is Melanocyte stimulating h. (MSH) relased

Answer 42

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Question 43

What is Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

Answer 43

Is known to increase skin pigmentation in some species, wheater thats true in mankind is uncertain. *MRF and MIF in the hypothalamus affect the secretion of MSH

Question 44

What kind of hormone is Melanocyte stimulating h. (MSH)

Answer 44

Protein

Question 45

What is the abv. of Oxytocin

Answer 45

OXY or OXT

Question 46

Where is Oxytocin (OXY) relesed

Answer 46

Posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (neurohypophysis) | *is only stored there not made there)

Question 47

What is Oxytocin (OXY)

Answer 47

Stimulates contraction of uterine musculature and myoepithelial cells in mammary glands., causeing uterine contraction and stimulating milk "let down" *Both OXY and ADH are manufactured in hypothalamuse and stored and relased from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (neurohypophysis)

Question 48

What kind of hormone is Oxytocin (OXY)

Answer 48

Protein

Question 49

What is the abv. for Antidiuretic h.

Answer 49

ADH | *also known as vasopressin

Question 50

What is Antidiuretic h. ADH also known as

Answer 50

vasopressin

Question 51

Where is Antidiuretic h. (ADH) released

Answer 51

Posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (neurohypophysis) | *only stored there is not made there

Question 52

What is Antidiuretic h. (ADH)

Answer 52

Reduces urine output by increasing renal resorption of water.. ALso constricts blood vessesl which elevates the blood pressure.

Question 53

What is the clinical considerations

Answer 53

Inadequate levels of this hormone cause a disease condition called diabetes insipidus, which is characterized by excessive urination and thirst.

Question 54

What type of hormone is Antidiuretic h. ADH

Answer 54

Protein

Question 55

What hormones does the Thyroid gland release

Answer 55

Tetraiodothyronine or Thyroxine (T4) Triodothyronine (T3) Calcitonin

Question 56

Is the Thyroid gland a true or Non true gland

Answer 56

True Gland

Question 57

What is the abv. for Tetraiodothyonine

Answer 57

Thyroxine T4