Endocrine System + Blood Glucose Maintenance

Question 1

Endocrine system

Answer 1

How hormones affect us and how they are released into the body
System including glands that release these
Into the plasma
Which affects a certain organ

Question 2

Pancreas

Answer 2

Releases hormones glucose and insulin

Question 3

Ovaries and testes

Answer 3

Produces reproduce hormones in puberty

Question 4

Thyroid glands

Answer 4

Controls growth and baseline metabolic rate

Question 5

Adrenal glands

Answer 5

Above kidney
Releases adrenaline when stressed

Question 6

Pituitary gland

Answer 6

Releases hormones to prompt other glands to release hormones
‘A master gland’

Question 7

Master gland

Answer 7

Releases hormones to trigger other glands to release hormones

Question 8

What monitors blood glucose concentration?

Answer 8

The pancreas

Question 9

What happens if blood glucose levels rise?

Answer 9

Pancreas detects it and releases insulin
Which travels in the plasma of the blood around body
Triggers body cells to take in glucose molecules from the blood
And for liver to store any excess as GLYCOGEN
So it’s at normal level

Question 10

What happens if blood glucose levels decrease?

Answer 10

Pancreas detects this and releases stored GLUCAGON into blood which is a hormone
GLUCAGON triggers liver cells to convert the glucose that had been previously stored as GLYCOGEN back to glucose
Therefore levels rise

Question 11

Glycogen

Answer 11

Stored glucose

Question 12

Glucagon

Answer 12

Hormone that triggers glycogen to turn back to glucose

Question 13

Negative feedback cycle in terms of blood glucose levels

Answer 13

When glucose levels rise = insulin produced
When levels fall = releases glucagon
These have opposite effects on blood glucose level
So it’s a negative feedback cycle

Question 14

Type 1 vs 2 diabetes

Answer 14

Type 1 = doesn’t make insulin
Type 2 = body doesn’t respond to insulin