Endocrinology

Question 1

T1DM antibodies in childhood

Answer 1

Insulin autoantibodies

Question 2

Adult T1DM antibodies

Answer 2

GAD65 antibodies

Others

Insulin autoantibodies (IAA)

IA-2

Zinc transporter 8

Tetrasporin-7

2 or more AAB increase risk to 80%

Question 3

T1DM genetic susceptibility

Answer 3

HLA2 (DR3/DR4)

Increases risk by 50%

Question 4

Insulin sensitivity factor

Answer 4

100/TDD

Question 5

CHO ratio

Answer 5

500/total daily does of rapid insulin

Question 6

Post party inflammatory condition of pituitary with low ACTH

Answer 6

Lymphocytic hypophysitis

Question 7

Pituitary apoplexy

Answer 7

Bleeding into pituitary tumour

Rx- steroids

Question 8

Pituitary hormone affected most with radiation treatment

Answer 8

Growth hormone

Question 9

Sheehan’s syndrome

Answer 9

Infarct of pituitary post partum
Severe HA
low prolactin, can’t breast feed

Question 10

Cancer drug associated with hypophysitis

Answer 10

Ipilimumab

Question 11

Pasiriotide

Answer 11

Somatostain analogue

Risk of diabetes

Question 12

Treatment agranulocytosis with carbimazole

Answer 12

Stop medication 
Gcsf 
Broad spectrum abx 
Propranolol 
Definitive therepay - radioactive iodine or surgery

Question 13

Type of radiation for radioactive iodine

Answer 13

Beta irradiation.

Question 14

Effect of bhcg during pregnancy

Answer 14

Acts like TSH

Question 15

Sick euthyroid effect

Answer 15

Low t3

Question 16

Adrenal oncidentaloma

Answer 16

HU < 10 benign
<3cm
Round
Homogenous

Question 17

Pink stain on PAS on kidney reflecting fibrosis

Answer 17

Kimmelstein-Wilson nodule

Question 18

Cancer risk in diabetes

Answer 18

Reduced prostate risk due to lower androgens

Question 19

Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and anosmia

Answer 19

Kallmans syndrome

Question 20

Indications for treatment of pagets disease

Answer 20

Bone pain
HF due to high output state
Involvement of C-Spine

Question 21

High plasma renin
High plasma aldosterone

Aetiology?

Answer 21

Renin secreting tumour

Renal artery stenosis

Question 22

Low plasma renin
High plasma aldosterone

Aetiology

Answer 22

Primary hyperaldosteronism

Also associated with hypokalaemia, low urine chloride and high urine K

Question 23

Low plasma renin
Low plasma aldosterone

Hypokalaemia and hypertension

Aetiology

Answer 23

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

11-beta hydroxy-steroid dehydrodenas deficiency

Question 24

Half life of thyroxine

Answer 24

1 week

Question 25

Diabetes insipidis

Answer 25

High sodium | Low urine osmolality

Question 26

When to treat sub clinical Hypothyroidism

Answer 26

TSH > 10

Question 27

Tumour marker for papillary thyroid cancer

Answer 27

Thyroglobulin

Question 28

Tumour marker for medullary thyroid cancer

Answer 28

Calcitonin

Question 29

MODY gene mutatiok

Answer 29

HNF 4a HNF 1a GCK Autosomal dominant

Question 30

Treatment of MODY

Answer 30

Solphonylureas

Question 31

Aetiology of hyperthyroidism

Answer 31

Graves disease Toxic multinodular goitre Autonomous functioning thyroid nodule (AFTN) Thyroiditis

Question 32

Antithyroid drugs

Answer 32

Carbimazole | Proplythyrouricil

Question 33

Serious SE antithyroid drugs

Answer 33

Agranulocytosis

Question 34

Treatment of T3-4

Answer 34

Resection | Radioactive iodine

Question 35

Marker for thyroid cancer surveillance

Answer 35

Thyroglobulin (tg)

Question 36

Calcitonin secreting thyroid cancer (Ca of parafollicular C-cells)

Answer 36

Medullary

Question 37

Testing for acromegaly

Answer 37

Failure of GH to suppress with insulin load | Insulin-like growth factor levels (IGF)

Question 38

Auto-antibodies in graves

Answer 38

TSH-Receptor antibodies

Question 39

Whipples triad

Answer 39

Hypoglycaemia Symptoms of hypoglycaemia (neuroglycopaenic) Resolution of symptoms with glucose

Question 40

Rotterdam Criteria for PCOS

Answer 40

Oligo/anovulation clinical evidence of hyperandrogenism multiple cysts consistent with polycystic ovaries on pelvic ultrasound