energy balance and weight management

Question 1

What is set point in weight?

Answer 1

It is where your body wants to be at weight wise - resistant weight change

Question 2

what is satiety?

Answer 2

The feeling of fullness and satisfaction

Question 3

What does ghrelin do when it comes to appetite?

Answer 3

increases appetite

Question 4

what does Cholecystokinin and peptide YY do when it comes to appetite?

Answer 4

suppresses appetite

Question 5

factors contributing to obesity-

Answer 5

Inheriting a thrifty metabolism
n Adaptive thermogenesis
n Futile cycling
n Brown adipose tissue
n Differences in energy expenditure during
PA

Question 6

what is a healthy BMI?

Answer 6

> 18.5 but < 25

Question 7

what is an overweight BMI

Answer 7

> 25 but < 30

Question 8

obese BMi

Answer 8

> 30

Question 9

adults should have a minimum of ______minutes of PA per week

Answer 9

150

Question 10

A healthy diet promotes a reasonable weight loss of __________ __________pounds a week and do not restrict under ________-kcal a day.

Answer 10

0.5 to 2 and 1200

Question 11

True or false: When it comes to certrain pharmacological weight loss drugs, Triglycerides are not digested and are excreted in the feces and their energy is lost.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

feasting increases ________ and excretes more _______ in urine

Answer 12

insulin nitrogen

Question 13

fasting- when insulin level is low –break down ________

Answer 13

glycogen

Question 14

t or f: in fasting, it is not possible to make glucose from fatty acids, need to switch to ketones

Answer 14

true

Question 15

Fasting: First few weeks – body temperature _______
pulse rate decreases, blood pressure goes down
– become ________

Answer 15

decreases, lethargic

Question 16

Gluconeogenesis slows in fasting– increase in ketone bodies – after about 10 days of fasting, ketone
bodies meet ______ _____ energy needs

Answer 16

nervous system’s

Question 17

First few days in fasting – ________ and _________ are primary
fuels – get glucose from glycerol and
glucogenic amino acids

Answer 17

fat and protein

Question 18

in fasting-Have about 3 weeks of energy needs – protein
deficiency - will see _______because of blood protein losses

Answer 18

swelling

Question 19

Final stages in fasting – attacks the______ and ________ and have
organ failure
n Takes about 60 days

Answer 19

liver and kidneys

Question 20

fasting Affected by: age – body fat (________), gender, and inactivity

Answer 20

(the
more the better)

Question 21

what age is the best in reaction to fasting?

Answer 21

Middle aged

Question 22

BMI = Body weight / ____

Answer 22

height squared

Question 23

desirable amount of body fat in women

Answer 23

21 – 35%

Question 24

desirable amount of body fat in men

Answer 24

8 – 24%

Question 25

t or f: underwater weighing is the most accurate because fat is less dense than lean tissue and fat floats

Answer 25

true

Question 26

how to measure body density?

Answer 26

body weight / body volume

Question 27

% body fat =

Answer 27

(495 / body density) - 450

Question 28

Use calipers to measure subcutaneous fat with ________ _____

Answer 28

skinfold thickness

Question 29

Fat is resistant to ________flow; the more the resistance, the more body fat you have

Answer 29

electrical

Question 30

x ray absorptiometry is used to study ________

Answer 30

osteoporosis

Question 31

Genetics account for ~_____ of weight differences

Answer 31

40%

Question 32

Identical twins raised apart have _____ weights

Answer 32

similar

Question 33

Obesity is ______ allowing nature to express itself

Answer 33

nurture

Question 34

_______ of fat is influenced by genetics

Answer 34

Location

Question 35

A child with no obese parents has a ___ chance of becoming obese

Answer 35

10%

Question 36

A child with 1 obese parent has a ____chance

Answer 36

40%

Question 37

A child with 2 obese parents has an ____ chance

Answer 37

80%

Question 38

Body fat contains _______kcal per pound

Answer 38

3500

Question 39

Fat storage (body fat plus supporting lean tissues) contains _____ kcal per pound

Answer 39

2700

Question 40

Must have an energy deficit of _______ kcal to lose a pound per week

Answer 40

2700-3500

Question 41

Lean tissue and water account for dramatic weight loss in ______ diets

Answer 41

fad

Question 42

__________-like medications (Phenteramine) q Prolongs the activity of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the brain q Decreases appetite q Not recommended for long term use

Answer 42

Amphetamine

Question 43

________(Meridia) q Enhances norepinephrine and serotonin activity q Decreases appetite (eat less) q Not recommended for people with HTN

Answer 43

Sibutramine

Question 44

_______(Xenical) q Inhibits fat digestion (lipase) q Reduces absorption of fat in the small intestine q Fat is deposited in the feces (side effects) q Must control fat intake q Malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins q Supplements needed

Answer 44

Orlistat

Question 45

a very low calorie diet is _______ ______kcal per day

Answer 45

400-800

Question 46

obesity and poverty are connected t or false

Answer 46

true

Question 47

overweight has been connected to living longer

Answer 47

true

Question 48

Individuals with ______ _____ stored have a greater risk of early death than those who have body fat within the normal range n BMI of under 18.5 kg/m2

Answer 48

little fat

Question 49

_____ = weight in lbs/(height in inches)^2 x 703

Answer 49

BMI