lecture 4

Question 1

Unrefined or whole-grain products
contain three key components…

Answer 1

endosperm, bran layers, the germ

Question 2

_________ grains may be enriched with
thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and iron and
fortified with folate

Answer 2

refined

Question 3

Refined grains do not contain the ________,
vitamin E and some of the B vitamins or
other nutrients of whole grains

Answer 3

magnesium

Question 4

what are the three most common monosaccharides?

Answer 4

glucose, fructose and galactose

Question 5

what is sucrose made of?

Answer 5

glucose and fructose

Question 6

hydrolysis-_____sugar molecules

Answer 6

breaks

Question 7

dehydration- ____ tow sugar molecules

Answer 7

links

Question 8

What are some examples of oligosaccharides

Answer 8

glycogen, starch and fiber

Question 9

dietary fiber (can or cannot) be digested or absorbed by humans

Answer 9

cannot

Question 10

what are some good sources of soluble fiber?

Answer 10

bananas, oats, apples, legumes, raisins

Question 11

Good sources of insoluble fiber?

Answer 11

wheat bran, whole wheat, corn, broccoli, nuts and seeds

Question 12

what organ regulates glucose in the blood?

Answer 12

the liver and enzymes from the pancreas

Question 13

glycemic response-

Answer 13

how fast your blood glucose rises after carb consumption

Question 14

how much ATP is used in cellular respiration?

Answer 14

38 molecules

Question 15

what is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 15

insulin is no longer made in the body

Question 16

type 2 diabetes?

Answer 16

insulin is present but the cells do not respond (insulin resistance)

Question 17

what are some long term complications from diabetes?

Answer 17

damage to blood vessels, kidneys, eyes and nervous system

Question 18

goal of diabetes treatment?

Answer 18

keep blood gulcose levels within normal range

Question 19

what is hypoglycemia?

Answer 19

over secretion of insulin in response to carb intake

Question 20

what is a treatment for hypoglycemia?

Answer 20

frequent small meals high in protein

Question 21

low carb diets cause less _____ to be released

Answer 21

insulin

Question 22

diets high in _______ _______ have been found to reduce the risk of heart disease

Answer 22

whole grain

Question 23

saccharin is an alternative sweetener that is ____-____x sweeter than sucrose.

Answer 23

180-200

Question 24

SUCRALOSE IS _____ X SWEETER THAN SUCROSE

Answer 24

600

Question 25

______g/day is RDA for carbohydrates

Answer 25

130

Question 26

45-65% of kcal diet from ______

Answer 26

carbs

Question 27

there is no UL for sugars t or f

Answer 27

true

Question 28

what is the AI for dietary fiber?

Answer 28

grams/1000 kcals – Daily Value – 28 grams