Energy Metabolism

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

Use of light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbs for food and building material. (6CO2+12H2O+light -> C6H1206+6CO2+6H20)
- photophosphorylation and CBB

Question 2

Where does photophosphorylation occur?

Answer 2

Thylakoid membrane
- eukaryotes: chloroplasts
- prokaryotes: cytoplasm

Question 3

What are the reactants of photophosphorylation?

Answer 3

Main: Light energy
-Light energy + water

Question 4

What are the products of photophosphorylation?

Answer 4

Main: ATP and NADPH
-Oxygen (by-product)

Question 5

Where does the CBB cycle occur?

Answer 5

Eukaryotes: chloroplasts
Prokaryotes: cytoplasm

Question 6

What are the reactants of the CBB cycle?

Answer 6

Main: ATP and NADPH
- RuBP; CO2

Question 7

What are the products of the CBB cycle?

Answer 7

Main: Carbs
- RuBP; H2O

Question 8

Cellular/Aerobic respiration

Answer 8

Using oxygen for the complete and controlled breakdown of food molecules for conversion into ATP (C6H12O6+6O2-> 6CO2+ 6H2O+ ATP+Thermal energy)
-Glycolysis; Kreb’s prestep; Kreb’s cycle; Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 9

Where does Glycolysis occur?

Answer 9

Cytoplasm (all cells)

Question 10

What are the reactants of Glycolysis?

Answer 10

Main: Glucose
- 2ATP

Question 11

What are the products of Glycolysis?

Answer 11

Main: Pyruvate
- 2NADH; 2H+; 2ATP; 2H2O

Question 12

Where does Kreb’s perstep occur?

Answer 12

Eukaryotes: Matrix (inner membrane) of the mitochondria
Prokaryotes: Cytoplasm

Question 13

What are the reactants of Kreb’s prestep?

Answer 13

Main: Pyruvate
- Coenzyme A (CoA)

Question 14

What are the products of Kreb’s prestep?

Answer 14

Main: Acetyl-CoA
- NADH; CO2

Question 15

Where does Kreb’s cycle occur?

Answer 15

Eukaryotes: Matrix of the mitochondria
Prokaryotes: Cytoplasm

Question 16

What are the reactants of Kreb’s cycle?

Answer 16

Main: Acetyl-CoA
- 3H2O; oxaloacetate

Question 17

What are the products of Kreb’s cycle?

Answer 17

Main: CO2
- oxaloacetate; CoA; ATP; NADH; 3H+; FADH2

Question 18

Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur?

Answer 18

Eukaryotes: Inner membrane of the mitochondria
Prokaryotes: Respiratory membrane in cytoplasm

Question 19

What are the reactants of oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 19

Main: O2
- NADH; FADH2

Question 20

What are the products of oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 20

Main: ATP
-H2O

Question 21

How many ATP molecules are produced during oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 21

> 30

Question 22

Fermentation/ Anaerobic respiration

Answer 22

An incomplete breakdown of food into ATP. Inefficient, but necessary when no oxygen is present.

Question 23

Lactic acid fermentation

Answer 23

Glucose-> 2 lactate+2ATP+2H2O

Question 24

Alcohol fermentation

Answer 24

Glucose-> 2 ethanol+2ATP+2H2O

Question 25

How many ATP molecules does fermentation produce?

Answer 25

2

Question 26

Pigments

Answer 26

Absorbs photons of visible light -Chlorophyll (green) and carotenoids (reds, oranges, and yellows)

Question 27

What are the most important colors of light for photosynthesis?

Answer 27

Red and blue

Question 28

What type of reaction is photosynthesis?

Answer 28

endergonic (absorbs energy)

Question 29

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Answer 29

The 'wire' that transports electrons through the membrane

Question 30

Why is water important for photosynthesis?

Answer 30

Donates electrons for ETC; releases H+ (used to create a concentration gradient when some are used for NADPH and ATP through transporter proteins)

Question 31

Chemosynthesis

Answer 31

a process carried out by prokaryotes when there is no sunlight. It is the synthesis of carbs from carbon dioxide using energy in the bonds of inorganic molecules. - Ex. 6CO2+H2O+3H2S->C6H12O6+3H2SO