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Engine Company Operations Manual Flashcards

(95 cards)

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1
Q

This manual excludes engine company operations at

A

wildland and high-rise fires

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2
Q

The primary function of an Engine Company is to

A

supply water and operate fire streams
to protect lives and property

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3
Q

What is the most effective means of providing safety for our members and the civilians we protect.

A

Rapid and aggressive fire control

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4
Q

Hose lines are placed
strategically, with the general practice of placing streams between ______ during offensive fire attack and between ________ in defensive
operations

A

the fire and potential
victims

the fire and exposures

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5
Q

What needs to happen before backup lines are placed in service

A

The
first attack line should be stretched, charged, and operating

Backup hoses should be larger than the initial attack lines and should be used
whenever the initial attack lines cannot extinguish the fire.

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6
Q

When determining fire flow, the

A

, the traditional formula of L x W /3 no longer applies to today’s
modern fire environments.

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7
Q

What measurement gives an accurate fire flow?

A

LxW of the building

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8
Q

What factors will increase the required fire flow?

A

fuel load, wind, and flow
path

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9
Q

All 1¾” handlines used for interior fire attack shall be operated to deliver a
minimum of _______ gallons per minute.

A

150

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10
Q

All 2½” handlines used for interior fire attack shall be operated to deliver a
minimum of _____ gallons per minute.

A

250

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11
Q

Generally, 2½” attack lines should be used for:

A

Fires considered to be advanced in nature (larger than 450 square feet)

Defensive operations

Obvious working fires in large buildings where the fire’s location is not readily apparent

Fires in large un-compartmented assembly or commercial structures

Standpipe operations

Any fire requiring a flow greater than 1¾” can deliver

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12
Q

How to reduce fire spread from flow path?

A

cooling fire gases while quickly moving to and extinguishing the seat of the fire

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13
Q

Controlling
the flow path improves

A

victim survivability, firefighter safety, reduces fire growth and
temperatures within the structure

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14
Q

Who must account for door control?

A

2nd unit on scene regardless of type

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15
Q

The Door Control person shall
keep their

A

unit designator so Command can keep their accountability since Door Control is performed in the Hot Zone. At the completion of Door Control, the member performing
the task should return to their crew if safe to do so or exit the Hot Zone and standby.

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16
Q

How to estimate the amount of hose needed inside a building?

A

Generally,
adding the width and depth of a building yields the required length of hose needed inside

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17
Q

Attack positions should never be further than ____ feet from a safe refuge.

A

150

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18
Q

What is needed at large and
mega-sized commercial occupancies?

A

commercial occupancies, effective recon prior to stretching the line is needed
to select an entrance that puts the attack team within this distance.

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19
Q

In occupancies with multiple floors, an additional _____ feet of hose is required to traverse
one floor

A

50

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20
Q

when a stairwell with a well
hole is used or if the hose is stretched via rope from the outside of the building, how much extra hose is needed

A

10 feet per floor

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21
Q

When should engines should consider the use of a “Horizontal Standpipe”

A

fires where setbacks,
parking, building arrangement, or other problems preclude the Engine from positioning
close to the fire

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22
Q

A transitional attack is often referred to as?

A

“Hit it hard from the yard” or “Softening the target.

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23
Q

Proper technique of a transitional attack includes:

A

 Using a solid or straight stream pattern at a steep angle into the window

 The stream enters the window close to the sill aimed at the ceiling

 Do not excessively move the nozzle; allow steam to escape from the window

 Apply water for 10 – 30 seconds

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24
Q

A transitional attack should NOT be used if:

A

 It delays the interior attack

 There is an obvious rescue within the flow path

 You cannot get water on the fire

 You need to create an opening
(e.g., break a window) to get water on the fire
(Except in the case of a basement fire, as outlined below)

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25
What are the two significant risks of basement fires?
collapse and flow path
26
Tests have shown consistent failure of the floor above the basement regardless of construction type within _______minutes of direct fire impingement
8
27
How to mitigate the dangers of a basement fire?
a 360-degree assessment of the structure should be completed prior to committing crews to fire attack to identify the location of the fire and if the structure has a basement. If a structure is found to have a basement, the terms used to describe it are either a "walkout or no walkout."
28
Walkout basement fires should be attacked from?
the basement access point. If possible, a transitional attack should be started through this access point, from the exterior
29
In walk-out basement fires, all operations on the floor above the basement should be
coordinated with fire attack
30
Non-walk-out basement fires should be fought by
transitional attack from a window closest to the fire should be made into the basement prior to advancing the attack line from the floor above. The first line established should apply water to the basement fire after creating an opening
31
What is extremely critical for non-walk-out basement operations
Door control is extremely critical during this operation
32
What should be considered if there is difficulty controlling the fire during a transitional fire attack on basements is
Defensive operations
33
Master streams should be considered at any fire requiring a fire flow of greater than ______ gpm and should operate at a minimum flow of _____ gpm when possible.
250, 500
34
All Engine mounted and portable master stream appliances shall have
smooth bore stack tips in place
35
The best way to secure a portable master stream is to provide a straight run of 2 ½" hose at least _____ from each hose connection
20'
36
Most portable master stream manufacturers also recommend securing the portable master stream from the front using
using rope, chain, or webbing.
37
Whenever possible, a portable master stream should be secured to a
rigid stationary object in this manner
38
Which way is no longer recommended to secure a master stream device?
Rams horn
39
Which way may be effective to secure a master stream in a doorway?
A pike pole or pry bar placed across a building doorway behind the feet of the portable master stream
40
What is an essential part of engine company operations?
Supplying an uninterrupted flow of water
41
Who is responsible for water supply?
The first arriving engine officer
42
What are the water supply options for the first arriving engine company?
Tank water forward lay dry lay reverse lay
43
When should tank water be performed?
in "nothing showing" situations. The Engine goes directly to the fire and operates off of tank water
44
Other considerations for tank water
immediate rescue Officer shall indicate over the radio that they are operating off of tank water and direct the 2nd arriving Engine to establish a water supply
45
The term fast attack indicates
the Command Mode the initial IC operating in (e.g., Mobile Command).
46
When should forward lays be considered?
Should be considered with obvious working fires when laying a supply line will not impede the placement of later-arriving units. The officer shall indicate they have established a supply line and may direct the 2nd arriving Engine to locate a secondary source of water.
47
When performing a dry lay, the
Engine will lay a dry supply line from a hydrant, static water source, or a relay point to the fire. In areas without hydrants, consider laying both a 5" line and a 2 ½" line.
48
When may dry lays be performed?
when a tender shuttle operation will be established by later-arriving units. May be performed with obvious working fire conditions when charging the supply line in the street may impede other apparatus placement, when staffing levels are limited, or when another apparatus will be relay pumping from the hydrant.
49
What is a dry split lay?
A dry lay may be performed as a SPLIT LAY where the Engine lays a dry line forward from a point of convenience less than 800 feet from the scene, and another company completes the lay by performing a reverse lay to the water source.
50
What are the considerations for a reverse lay
Engine lays supply line from the fire to the water source. Used by later arriving Engine Companies onto the fire ground to support water supply. Performed to avoid apparatus congestion at the front of the building such as defensive operations. Performed when apparatus will be relay pumping from the hydrant. Should also be strongly considered on incidents where more than two hydrants are used.
51
Once water supply is established, subsequent arriving engines should consider
establishing secondary sources, placing their apparatus in a position to establish an additional supply line, or positioning their apparatus at a hydrant already in use in case a relay operation needed.
52
The 5" supply lines should be laid with the Engine moving at _____ mph
5-10
53
Safe and efficient __________ is an important Engine Company function
hydrant operation
54
What is the rope strap on the 5" hose used for?
to secure the hose to the hydrant
55
The procedure for securing a forward supply line from a hydrant is:
1. Remove hydrant bag 2. Place rope strap over hydrant 3. Ensure hydrant is shut off 4. Remove 5" cap 5. Flush hydrant (full open, then reduce flow to half of the opening to clear any debris) 6. Advise Engineer to proceed 7. Select and attach proper Storz adapter 8. Attach 2 ½" gate valve 9. Attach 5" hose to Storz adapter 10. Charge 5" hose when given the charge hydrant signal
56
National Standard Steamer thread on hydrants is defined as having ______threads per inch and an outside diameter of ______
4 5.7609"
57
How are Denver hydrant adapters marked?
with blue paint
58
During hydrant operations, when should hand signals be used?
request the start or to stop the flow of water
59
The hand signal to stop the flow of water is made by using a
hand-arm motion horizontally across the neck
60
Radio contact should be made with the hydrant person to start or stop the flow of water when the _____
hydrant is out of sight of the Engine.
61
Some areas with an existing but inferior hydrant system are assigned an
Unhydranted response.
62
What is an initial water conservation tactic in rural water ops
Supplying water with a 2.5" hose until a water shuttle is established
63
In short relay operations, who is in charge of placing the tender in pump, recirculating the water, setting the pump at an idle?
The tender driver
64
When must the engineer complete the connections in a short relay?
after the first line is flowing
65
What is unacceptable when nursing from a tender unless absolutely necessary?
using hard suction
66
Who must establish water supply in rural ops
2nd engine
67
Time to establish a "short relay" must be weighed against?
The immediate need for a first attack line
68
When may it be necessary for the Second due Engine to establish a water supply from the tender
if there is an immediate rescue requirement and option one would be impossible or too time-consuming due to staffing or geographical factors.
69
In rural water, when does an engine perform a dry lay and proceed to the fire
when immediate large streams are needed, but terrain will not allow option 2.
70
Flow will be limited by
size of pump at water supply.
71
How many tenders are needed for shuttle operations?
4
72
If a large volume of water is anticipated, a tender sets up port-a-tank, and the _______ is assigned to draft instead of tender.
second Engine
73
When should the engine proceed to the fire and set up for drafting operations?
It should be performed for defensive fire requiring sustained large flows of water (more than 250 gpm or 3750 total gallons)
74
What are the 3 options for a first due engine to arrive on the scene in rural water without a tender?
Engine proceeds to fire and operates on tank water. Engine performs a dry lay and proceeds to fire First arriving engine reverse lays lines from fire to drafting site
75
If the first arriving Engine did not lay a supply line, the second arriving Engine should do so with either
a reverse lay or by hand. This is to leave the 2nd Engine at the water supply and reduce congestion near the fire.
76
If Command is passed to the officer, who will assume water supply group supervisor?
Engineer will assume the position of Water Supply Group Supervisor. The Water supply group will coordinate with Command to secure all necessary resources to support an adequate water supply.
77
A hydrant with adequate flow, but low residual pressure may have _______ to it to boost pressure for a relay.
an engine assigned
78
Under no circumstances will SMFRA "draft" with hard suction hose from a _______
hydrant not specifically designed and labeled for such use.
79
Who chose's whether or not to use cisterns on private properties?
1st arriving engine officer or the Water Supply Group Supervisor Cisterns should be considered a backup supply or to be used if the 1st arriving Engine does not have a tender available.
80
What does relay pumping allow?
maximum water flow from a source and is used to move water to the scene of a fire when friction loss is too great to be overcome by one pump
81
When should relay pumping be considered?
1. more than two lines are in service 2. there is a low residual incoming pressure on the attack engine 3. the supply lay is greater than 300' in length when a static source is being used 4. at defensive fires.
82
The relay engine shall start the relay operation by supplying water at ______ psi at the discharge.
100
83
In relay ops, The attack engine must request additional water from the relay engine when the intake residual pressure drops below _____ psi
20
84
The relay engine must communicate to the attack engine when the water supply is reaching its maximum potential flow which is indicated by an intake residual pressure of less than _____ psi when using a hydrant for water supply and by water level observation when using a static source, such as a tender operation, for water supply.
50
85
Why is the relay engine's pressure governor set to RPM mode during relay ops?
This will prevent any oscillation (hunting) in the engine RPM for desired pressures.
86
Because the water supply Engine will be operating in the RPM mode, the supply line _________by the pressure governor. It may be beneficial for the water supply Engine_____
will not be protected to open a 2 ½ discharge and let it flow continuously during supply operations. This will help alleviate any pressure fluctuations.
87
The discharge pressure relief valve should be set to ______ psi to help absorb pressure fluctuations from attack lines.
120
88
If a relay operation will involve multiple relay engines, then the Incident Commander should request more Engine Companies to the scene and should consider creating a ________
Water Supply Group.
89
There should be no more than _____of 5" line between engines.
800
90
At the conclusion of relay operations, the relay should be shut down from _____ engines back to _____to prevent cutting off the attack water supply prematurely.
Attack engine water source
91
Sprinkler systems shall be supplied at _____ psi at the pump panel discharge unless otherwise indicated by the specific system.
150
92
Standpipe systems will be supplied by determining the specific pressure needed for the system and attack line configuration used and then by referring to the
South Metro Pump Chart for appropriate pump pressures.
93
In combination systems, what is the preferred pressure?
the pressure needed for the attack line shall be used
94
the FDC should be connected to with______ and the building system used to support the fire flow demands. If building will not support the required fire flow, charge the system, and manually take it over.
dry hose
95
The minimum size of hose line at car fires is the _____handline operating at a minimum of ______ gpm.
1¾" 150

Engineer (31 decks)

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