Enterobactria Flashcards by Loui Mojica

Lactose Fermenter of enterobacteriacaea

Escherichia coli (colon bacillus:most common)
Klebsiella
Enterobacter
Serratia
Citrobacter

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Non lactose fermenter

Proteus
Moraanella
Providencia
Harnia
Edwardsiella
salmonela
Shigella (except S. sonnei - “Late” LF)
Yersinia

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True pathogens

Plesiomonas
Salmonella
Shigella
Yersinia spp.

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The most significant species in the genus Escherichia

Escherchia coli (colon bacillus)

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Associated with UTIs, diarrheal disease and Central Nervous System infections

Escherchia coli

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Strain of E. coli that is considered as the most common cause of UTIs in humans

Uropathogenic escherchia coli

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primary virulence factor associated with the ability of E. coli to cause UTIs

Pili

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Associated with diarrhea of adults and esneciallv children in tropical and subtropical climates

Enterotoxigenic Escherchia coli

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It is the most common cause of diarrheal disease

Enterotoxigenic Escherchia coli (traveler’s diarrhea)

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Colonization of ETEC on the small intestine is mediated by

Fimbriae

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Causes “Infantile Diarrhea”

Enteropathogenic e. Coli

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Produce dysentery with direct penetration, invasion, and destruction of the intestinal mucosa

Enteroinvasive e. Coli

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Characterized by low-grade fever, malaise, vomiting and diarrhea

Enteropathogenic e. Coli

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characterizea by rever, severe abaominal cramps.
malaise and watery diarrhea

Enteroinvasive e. Coli

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Associated with hemorrhagic diarrhea and HUS
(Hemolytic uremic syndrome)

Enterohemorrhagic e. Coli

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(Shiga-like toxins)

Enterohemorrhagic e. Coli

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characterizes by low platelet count, hemolytic
anemia and kidney failure

Hus

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Non-sorbitol fermenter

E. coli 0157:H7 (colorless)

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Associated with two kinds of human disease: diarrheal syndrome and uti

Enteroadherent e. Coli

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virulence factor associated with neonatal meningeal infection

K1 capsular antigen

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One of the most common cause of septicemia and meningitis in neonates

E. coli

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Yellow-pigmented organism, isolatea from car, wounds and blood; Foodstuffs such as raw milk and beei

E. hermannii

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yellow-pigment colonies (more iran nalt or strains): isolated from humans with infected wounds

E. vulneris

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associated with diarrneal disease in children

E. albertii

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Found in the intestinal tract of humans and animals or free-living in soil, water, and on plants

Klebsiella

Associated with various opportunistic and hospital- acquirea inrections, particulariy pneumonia, inrections, and Uti

Klebsiella

Causes communitv - acquired pneumonia = cough up "currant-jelly like" sputum

K. pneumoniae (Friedlander's bacillus)

Most commonlv isolated species klebsiella

K. Pneumoniae (friedlander’s bacillus)

Identical to K. pneumoniae except for its production of indole, and there are reports of ornithine-positive isolated as well

K. Oxytoca

- Produces infections similar to those caused by K. pheumoniae • Linked to antimicrobial-associated hemorrhaqic colitis

K. Oxytoca

Isolated from nasal secretions and cerebral abscesses

K. Pneumoniae subsp. Ozaenae

Tissue destructive and foul smelling

astrophic rhinitis

• Causes rhinoscleroma

K. pneumoniae subsp. Rhicoscleromatis

- a rare chronic infection of the nasal cavity that manifests as an intense swelling and malformation of the entire face and neck

rhinoscleroma

Nationwide outbreaks of septicemia resulting from contaminated IV fluids

Pantoea (enterobacter) agglomerans

found in respiratory samples and is rarely isolated from blood culture

Enterobacter Gergoviae

often coming from and multiplying in powdered infant formula; can cause meningitis or bacteremia (yellow pigment)

cronobacter (Enterobacter) sakazakii

isolated from human sources such as blood, wounds, and sputum

Enterobacter hormaechei

Similar biochemically to e. Cloace and has been isolated from blood, urine, feces, sputum, and wounds

Enterobacter Asburiae

associated witn osteomyentis arter traumacic wounas.

Enterobacter cancerogenus (E. taylorae)

produces "prodigiosin", pink-red pigment; most evident when incubated at room temperature

Serratia marcescens, Serratia rubidaea, and Serratia plymuthica

musty and pungent odor or "rotten potato -like' odor

Serratia odorifera

ferments arabinose arowth in KCN media

Serratia liquifacien

• most significant • Causes outbreak in nurseries. burn units and cardiac surgery units

Serratia marcescen

has been linked to gastroenteritis and is occasionally isolated from stool curures.

Hafnia

•Ascends the urinary tract and infects both lower and Upper UTi

Proteus

Disseminated in the environment. are normal intestinal microbiota. and are recoanized as opportunistic pathogens

Proteus

widely recognized numan pathogens

Proteus vulgaris

widely recognized numan pathogens

Proteus vulgaris

• widely recognizea numan panogens • produce "swarming" colonies on nonselective media such as SBA

Proteus Mirabilis

causes UTI and neonatal sepsis Composed of only one specie: M. morganii.

Morganella

Has the ability to deaminate the amino acid Phenylalaine

Providencia

most commonly found in the feces of children with diarrhea

Providencia alcalifaciens

outbreaks in burn units; isolated from urine cuture

Providencia stuartii

documented patnogen or urinary tract, also Diarrheal disease among travelers

Providencia rettgeri

only recognized human pathogen: causes Bacteremia ana wound infections as opportunistic Pathogen

Edwardsiella tarda

Considered as inhabitants of the GI tract and are associated wit nospital-acquired infections - most frequentv UnIs

Citrobacter

Associated with infectious diseases acquired in hospital settings: UTIs, pneumonias and intraabdominal abscesses, endocarditis (intravenous drug abusers)

Citrobacter freundii

Most common mode or transmission - ingestion contaminated water or rood uncooked or undercooked seafood such as oysters, clams, or shrimp) formerly in family of vibrionacaea

Plesiomonas

It is found in soil and aquatic environments fresh estuarine waters or tropical and subtropical climates)

Plesiomonas shigelloides

organisms produce Gl illnesses in humans - not normal biota of the human intestinal tract - inhabit the GI tracts of animalc

Salmonella and shigella

is a low level taxonomic rank, standing below species. A strain of a bacterial species represents diversity within the species

Strain

is a sub-group of species. which are grouped according to their antigenic properties.

Serotype

Found in cold-blooded animals as well as in rodents and birds natural host) and Most pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae

Salmonella

a rarely isolated species. named after the town of Bongor in Chad, Africa

Salmonella bongori

vomitina and diarrhea

Acute gastroenteritis or food poisoning

most severe form of enteric fever caused by Salmonella Serotype typhii

Typhoid fever

caused by other Salmonella serotypes (e.q.. Salmonella Paratvohi and Choleraesuis)

Enteric fevers

One of the most common forms of "food poisoning"

Salmonella - gastroenteritis

Closelv related with Escherichia • Not a member of the normal Gl microbiota = all Sob can cause bacillary avsenterv

Shigella

Closelv related with Escherichia • Not a member of the normal Gl microbiota = all Sob can cause bacillary avsenterv

Shigella

one of the causes of gray bowel syndrome

Shigella flexneri

causes the enteric aisease bacillary avsentery Characterized by the presence of blood, mucus, and pus in stool

Shigella dysenteriae

Produces a "delayed" positive fermentation of lactose with the formation of dink colonies on MAC agar only after 48 hrs

Shigella sonnei

causative agent of plague, a disease primarily of rodents transmittea to numans by rleas

Yersinia pestis

most common: results from the bite of an infected flea High fever with painful regional lymph nodes Known as buboes swollen lvmph nodes)

Bubonic or glandular form

bacteria spread to the bloodstream

Septicemia form

Occurs secondary to bubonic or septicemic plaque when organisms proliferate in the bloodstream and respiratory tract

Pneumonic form

caused sporadic cases or mesenteric lymphadenitis in humans, especially in children, and generalized septicemic infections in immunocompromised hosts

Y pseudotuberculosis (and Y. enterocolitica)

Acquires thru ingestion or undercooked food (рогк, pork intestines and vacuum packed meat), dairy products (chocolate milk) and handling of pets

Y. enterocolitica

Enterobactria Flashcards

(80 cards)