Environment 2015

Question 1

What is the best description of the term ‘Ecosystem’?

Answer 1

A community of organisms together with the environment in which they live.

Question 2

What are the different types of ecosystems?

Answer 2

• Terrestrial ecosystem
• Forest ecosystem
• Grassland ecosystem
• Desert ecosystem
• Tundra ecosystem
• Freshwater ecosystem
• Marine ecosystem

Question 3

Which statements about BirdLife International are correct?

Answer 3

1 and 3 only.

Question 4

What is BirdLife International?

Answer 4

A global partnership of conservation organizations (NGOs) that strives to conserve birds, their habitats, and global biodiversity.

Question 5

When was BirdLife International founded?

Answer 5

1922.

Question 6

What is the definition of biodiversity hotspots?

Answer 6

Regions where exceptional concentrations of endemic species are undergoing an exceptional loss of habitat.

Question 7

What criteria must a region meet to qualify as a biodiversity hotspot?

Answer 7

• At least 1,500 vascular plants as endemics
• 30% or less of its original natural vegetation.

Question 8

What type of company is the Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Limited (IREDA)?

Answer 8

Public Limited Government Company.

Question 9

What is the motto of IREDA?

Answer 9

ENERGY FOR EVER.

Question 10

Which national park is unique for being a swamp with floating vegetation?

Answer 10

Keibul Lamjao National Park.

Question 11

What is Keibul Lamjao National Park known for?

Answer 11

It is the world’s only floating national park.

Question 12

What is Loktak Lake known for?

Answer 12

It is the largest freshwater lake in India and has floating circular swamps called phumdis.

Question 13

What is the IUCN?

Answer 13

A membership union composed of both government and civil society organizations.

Question 14

What is the purpose of CITES?

Answer 14

To ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival.

Question 15

What is the conservation status of the Dugong?

Answer 15

Vulnerable.

Question 16

What is the national aquatic animal of India?

Answer 16

Gangetic dolphin.

Question 17

What method do Gangetic dolphins use to locate their prey?

Answer 17

Echolocation.

Question 18

Which protocol is associated with the control and phasing out of ozone-depleting substances?

Answer 18

Montreal Protocol.

Question 19

What does the Montreal Protocol regulate?

Answer 19

The production, consumption, and emission of ozone-depleting substances.

Question 20

What is the Montreal Protocol?

Answer 20

An essential multilateral agreement concerning the depleting ozone layer.

Question 21

What does the Montreal Protocol regulate?

Answer 21

The production, consumption, and emission of ozone-depleting substances (ODS).

Question 22

What are some examples of ozone-depleting substances (ODS)?

Answer 22

• Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
• Bromine containing halons
• Methyl bromide
• Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs)
• Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)
• Methyl chloroform

Question 23

What is the impact of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and HFCs on the environment?

Answer 23

HCFCs stimulated the development of replacement substances, and while HFCs have a minor effect on stratospheric ozone, some are powerful greenhouse gases.

Question 24

What is the purpose of the 2016 Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol?

Answer 24

To phase down the production and consumption of some HFCs.

Question 25

What is the Green Climate Fund?

Answer 25

A fund established to channel funds from richer nations to developing countries for climate change adaptation and mitigation.

Question 26

When was the Green Climate Fund established?

Answer 26

In 2010.

Question 27

What is one of the objectives of the Green Climate Fund (GCF)?

Answer 27

To assist developing countries in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Question 28

What does the Adaptation Fund (AF) focus on?

Answer 28

Climate adaptation and resilience activities.

Question 29

What is the Global Environment Fund (GEF)?

Answer 29

An operating entity of the financial mechanism since the Convention came into force in 1994.

Question 30

What is the National Clean Energy Fund?

Answer 30

A fund created to promote clean energy funded through a carbon tax on coal.

Question 31

What is the purpose of the National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC)?

Answer 31

To meet the costs of adaptation to climate change for vulnerable areas in India.

Question 32

What does the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) allow?

Answer 32

Emission-reduction projects in developing countries to earn certified emission reduction (CER) credits.

Question 33

What is the BioCarbon Fund Initiative for Sustainable Forest Landscapes?

Answer 33

A multilateral facility managed by the World Bank to promote reduced greenhouse gas emissions from the land sector.

Question 34

Who manages the BioCarbon Fund?

Answer 34

The World Bank.

Question 35

What is the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

Answer 35

An act enacted to implement the decisions of the UN Conference on the Human Environment.

Question 36

When was the Environment (Protection) Act enacted?

Answer 36

In March 1986.

Question 37

What is the main emphasis of the Environment (Protection) Act?

Answer 37

To protect and improve the quality of the environment.

Question 38

Where are 'living root bridges' found?

Answer 38

In Meghalaya.

Question 39

What is the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF)?

Answer 39

A global partnership focused on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation.

Question 40

When was the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility created?

Answer 40

In 2007.

Question 41

What is the objective of the FCPF Readiness Fund?

Answer 41

To assist nations in laying the groundwork for REDD+ implementation.

Question 42

What are the main activities of the FCPF Carbon Fund?

Answer 42

* Economic Policies and Regulations * Forest Policies and Regulations * Forest Administration * Development of Rural Areas