Environment 2018 Flashcards
(21 cards)
In which state is Pakhui Wildlife Sanctuary located?
Arunachal Pradesh
Pakhui Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the East Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh, bounded by Bhareli River, Pakke River, and surrounded by various forests.
What is the definition of ‘Critical Wildlife Habitat’ according to the Forest Rights Act, 2006?
Areas of national parks and sanctuaries required to be kept inviolate for wildlife conservation
Defined under the Forest Rights Act, 2006 as areas specifically established for wildlife conservation based on scientific criteria.
Which of the following statements is true regarding habitat rights for Baigas?
For the first time in India, Baigas have been given Habitat Rights
Baiga tribals became the first community in India to receive habitat rights under the Forest Rights Act of 2006.
What are the possible consequences of heavy sand mining in riverbeds?
Pollution of groundwater and lowering of the water-table
Heavy sand mining increases water velocity, erodes banks, and depletes aquifers, causing groundwater pollution and lowering water tables.
Which environmental impacts are associated with excessive sand mining?
Erosion, flooding, loss of habitats, and increased turbidity
Sand mining alters river beds, leads to erosion, and negatively affects wildlife and fisheries, while increasing water turbidity.
Where are most of the world’s coral reefs located?
Within the tropical zone between 30º N and 30º S latitude
Coral reefs thrive in warm, shallow, saline waters, primarily in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.
What is the main function of the UNFCCC?
To achieve stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere
The UNFCCC is the parent treaty of the Paris Agreement and focuses on global climate change response.
What is ‘Carbon Fertilization’?
Increased plant growth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Carbon fertilization enhances photosynthesis, increases biomass growth, and improves water-use efficiency in plants.
Which practices fall under the concept of ‘Conservation Agriculture’?
Adopting minimum tillage, using crop residues to cover soil surface, and adopting crop rotations
Conservation agriculture aims to reduce soil disturbance and maintain crop residues to conserve the environment.
What adaptations do desert plants have to inhibit water loss?
Hard and waxy leaves, tiny leaves, and thorns instead of leaves
These adaptations help reduce evaporation and protect moisture in extremely dry conditions.
How does the National Green Tribunal (NGT) differ from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)?
The NGT provides environmental justice while the CPCB promotes cleanliness of streams and wells
The NGT is a statutory body established by an Act, while the CPCB was created by an executive order.
When was the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) constituted?
September 1974
CPCB was established under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
Under which act was CPCB entrusted with powers and functions related to air pollution?
Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
This act complements the functions established under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
What is one of the principal functions of the CPCB?
To promote cleanliness of streams and wells
This function is aimed at preventing, controlling, and abating water pollution.
What is another principal function of the CPCB?
To improve the quality of air
This includes preventing, controlling, or abating air pollution in the country.
Which of the following has shrunk immensely in recent past due to human activities?
Aral Sea
The Aral Sea is noted for its significant reduction in size due to water diversion for agriculture.
What was the Aral Sea’s status in the 1960s?
World’s fourth-largest salt lake
Its size and depth drastically decreased due to human activities.
By what percentage has the Aral Sea shrunk over the last 50 years?
About 75%
This shrinkage is primarily attributed to water diversion for agricultural purposes.
What was the depth of the Aral Sea in the 1960s?
68 meters
The current depth is less than 10 meters.
Fill in the blank: The Aral Sea began to shrink in the 1960s due to the diversion of water for _______.
agricultural purposes
True or False: The Aral Sea is located in Central Asia.
True
