EOC Vocab Flashcards
(200 cards)
1
Q
Anything detected with our senses
A
Observation
2
Q
The variable changed
A
Independent variable
3
Q
used to make a comparison
A
Control group
4
Q
The question that needs to be solved
A
Problem
5
Q
Variables held the same
A
Constants
6
Q
The variable measured
A
Dependent variable
7
Q
Answers the question of whether the experiment supported the hypothesis
A
Conclusion
8
Q
Information gathered (all measurements and observations)
A
Data
9
Q
Steps followed in an experiment
A
Procedures
10
Q
A prediction or educated guess (if -> then)
A
Hypothesis
11
Q
The dry weight of all the organic matter in an ecosystem
A
Biomass
12
Q
The study of how organisms fit into their environment
A
Ecology
13
Q
A community and the physical aspects (living and nonliving)
A
Ecosystem
14
Q
Organisms that obtain energy from organic wastes
A
Detritivore
15
Q
Animals that are both carnivores and herbivores
A
Omnivores
16
Q
The place where an organism lives
A
Habitat
17
Q
The organisms in a habitat
A
Biotic Factors
18
Q
An animal that eats primary consumer
A
Herbivore
19
Q
A graphic organizer based on the organism’s source of energy
A
Trophic level
20
Q
When nitrogen is changed into a usuable form
A
Nitrogen Fixation
21
Q
A stable/mature community
A
Climax community
22
Q
Succession where life has not lived before
A
Primary succession
23
Q
North or south of the equator
A
Latitude
24
Q
Average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time
A
Climate
25
Interacting populations in an area
Community
26
Where fresh and salt water meet
Estuary
27
Regular progression of species replacement
Ecological succession
28
Restricts the number of organisms in an ecosystem
Limiting factors
29
The first organisms to live in a new habitat
Pioneer species
30
Succession that occurs in areas where there was previous growth
Secondary succession
31
Impacts population growth regardless of density
Density independent factor
32
Study of human populations
Demographics
33
Maximum number of individuals an environment can support
Carrying Capacity
34
The number of organisms in a per unit area
Population Density
35
Explains how fast a population grows
Population growth raete
36
affected by the number of individuals in an area
Density Dependent
37
Restricts the number of organisms in an ecosystem
Limiting factors
38
Movement of individuals into a population
Immigration
39
The way in which individuals are spread in an area
Dispersion
40
Movement of individuals out of a population
Emigration
41
Separation of ecosystems into small pieces of land
Habitat fragmentation
42
Use of living organisms to help clean pollution
Bioremediation
43
The last member of a species dies
Extinction
44
Excessive use of a species with economic value
Overexploitation
45
Variety of life in an area
Biodiversity
46
Materials and organisms found in the biosphere
Natural resources
47
Accumulation of toxins in upper trophic levels
Biological magnification
48
Excessive algae growth takes the oxygen out of the water
Eutrophication
49
Many species become extinct at once
Mass extinction
50
Replaced by natural processes
Renewable resources
51
Ph below 7
Acid
52
Speeds up chemical reactions (lock & key)
Enzymes (ase)
53
Attraction between substances of the same kind
Cohesion
54
when electrons are shared
Covalent bond
55
Fats/oils/waxes - not soluble in water / Made of amino acids
Lipids / Proteins
56
Negatively charged particles in an atom / Positively charged
Electron / Proton
57
The smallest unit of matter
Atom
58
Made of amino acids
Protein
59
Made of one type of atom
Elements
60
Substances dissolving the solute
Solvent
61
Fluid or plasma inside of the cell
Cytoplasm
62
The storage compartment within (mostly plant) cells
Vacuole
63
Cell w/ nucleus and complex organelles
Eukaryotes
64
Cell organelle that makes proteins out of amino acids
Ribosomes
65
cell part that is made of a lipid bilayer and is selectively permeable
Cell membrane
66
Control center of the cell
Nucleus
67
The cell organelle that packages and distribute molecules in the cell
Golgi body
68
The part of the cell that provides shape and supports skeleton
Cytoskeleton
69
Cell organelle that is the powerhouse
Mitochondria
70
Cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes
Lysosomes
71
Diffusion of water
Osmosis
72
Movement from high to low concentration
Diffusion
73
Diffusion that requires a carrier protein
Facilitated
74
Type of transport that requires energy
Active transport
75
Movement into the cell by a vesicle
Endocytosis
76
Movement out of a cell by a vesicle
Exocytosis
77
Higher solute outside the cell and causes water to to leave the cell
Hypertonic
78
Higher solute inside the cell and causes water to enter the cell
Hypotonic
79
Type of transport that does not require energy
Passive transport
80
Solute concentration - same inside and outside the cell - little water movement
`Equilibrium
81
Pigment that captures sunlight
Chlorophyll
82
Converting glucose into energy
Cellular Respiration
83
Make their own food
Autotrophs
84
Does not use oxygen - 2 ATP per glucose molecule
Anaerobic
85
Where photosynthesis occurs
Chloroplast
86
consumes other organisms for energy
Heterotrophs
87
Concerting sunlight into energy
Photosynthesis
88
Eats both plants and animals
Omnivore
89
Stores energy in phosphate bonds
ATP
90
Uses oxygen - produces 36 ATP per glucose molecule
Aerobic
91
2 parents are involved (not identical offspring)
Sexual
92
Term used when DNA is copied
Replication
93
Cell's nucleus divides into two identical nuclei
Mitosis
94
Chromosomes become visible
Prophase
95
Chromosomes disappear
Telophase
96
Cell's chromosome number is reduced by half
Meiosis
97
Chromosomes line up i the middle
Metaphase
98
One parent creates identical offspring
Asexual
99
Chromosomes move towards opposite poles
Anaphase
100
Cell's cytoplasm divides
Cytokineses
101
Two alleles in a gene are different
Heterozygous
102
Science of heredity
Genetics
103
Organism's genes
Genotypes
104
Allele expressed
Dominant
105
Passing of genetic traits
Heredity
106
Different versions of a gene
Alleles
107
Cross involving one trait
Monohybrid cross
108
Allele not expressed
Recessive
109
Organism's physical appearance
Phenotype
110
Two alleles identical in a gene
Homozygous
111
How DNA copies itself
Replication
112
X - linked and Y - linked genes
Sex Chromosomes
113
Pairs with thymine
Adenine
114
Proved DNA is the genetic material
Hershey and Chase
115
Discovered DNA's shape
Watson and Crick
116
Sequence of all DNA
Genome
117
Pairs with Guanine
Cytosine
118
Shows where genes are located
Gene map
119
Process of converting DNA into mRNA
Transcription
120
Process of converting mRNA into amino acid
Translation
121
Scientists who studies fossils
Paleontologist
122
Preserved or mineralized remains
Fossils
123
Take it takes for half an amount to decay
Half life
124
Use of radioisotopes to estimate an object
Radiometric dating
125
Movement of Earth's land masses
Continental drift
126
Relationship in which both species benefit
Mutualism
127
Photosynthetic prokaryote (blue-green algae)
Cyanobacteria
128
Time period that shows a large meteorite impact
K-T boundary
129
Theory that life arises from nonlife
Spontaneous Generation
130
Theory that organisms produce other living organisms
Biogenisis
131
A change ins species over time
Evolution
132
An inherited trait that provides a selective advantage
Adaptation
133
Differences between individual members of a population
Variation
134
Structures that suggest a common ancestor is shared
Homologous structure
135
Theory of natural selection
Darwin's theory
136
Theory of acquired traits
Lamark's Theory
137
Gradual change of a species over time
Gradualism
138
Individuals most fit for the environment survive
Natural selection
139
Same species becomes isolated and changes over time
Reproductive isolation
140
Rapid changes in a species that are separated by periods of no change
Punctuated equilibrium
141
Overlapping fields of vision
Binocular
142
Active at night
Nocturnal
143
Early modern humans, beginning of hunter-gatherer
Cro-magnon
144
Evolved exclusively in Europe and Asia (buried dead)
Neanderthal
145
Active during the day
Diurnal
146
Walks upright on two legs
Bipedal
147
Thumb or great toe set apart from other digits
Opposable digit
148
Include all non-monkey primates
Hominoid
149
Lived in central and southern Africa (Lucy)
Australopithecine
150
Genus Homo (includes all living and extinct human-like bipedal primates)
Hominid
151
Eukaryotic, Heterotrophic - absorbs nutrients w/ chitin cell wall
Fungi
152
Unique name for an object
Classification
153
Evolutionary history of a species
Phylogeny
154
Broadest system of classification - includes kingdoms
Domain
155
Eukaryotic, Heterotrophic - no cell wall & most can move
Animalia
156
Science of naming
Taxonomy
157
System of classification one step down from Domain
Kingdom
158
Two part naming system using Latin
Binomial Nomenclature
159
Eukaryotic, unicellular or multi-cellular, plant/animal/fungus - like
Protista
160
Eukaryotic, multi-cellular, cell wall make of cellulose and contains chloroplast
Plantae
161
Motor that pumps blood throughout the body
Heart
162
Carries blood away from the heart
Artery
163
Carrie blood towards the heart
Veins
164
Type of blood cells that carry oxygen
Red blood cells
165
Clogging of artery walls with plaque that prevent blood flow
Atherosclerosis
166
Control center of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord / nerves that carry message and extend throughout the body
Central nervous system / Peripheral nervous system
167
Nerve cell that carries an electrical signal throughout the nervous system
Neuron
168
Bell shaped part of the brain that coordinates movements (balance)
Cerebellum
169
Largest part of the brain
Cerebrum
170
Antenna or branching part of a nerve cell
Dendrite
171
Substance that can kill or inhibit growth of a microogranism
Antibiotic
172
White blood cells that fight infections
Lymphocytes
173
Cells that remember previous pathogens
Memory Cells
174
Contains killed or weakened pathogens
Immunization
175
Proteins that react with an invasive substance
Antibody
176
Causes infection/disease
Pathogen
177
Caused by pathogens
Infectious diseases
178
Antibody producing B lymphocytes
B cell
179
Lymphocyte that destroys pathogens
Cytotoxic T cell
180
Overactive immune response to the environment
Allergy
181
When an egg is released by an ovary
Ovulation
182
Produces sperm
Testes
183
Attaches ovary to uterus
Fallopian tube
184
Egg produced by females
Ovum (egg)
185
Egg attaches to uterus
Implantation
186
Carries nutrients from mother to embryo
Placenta
187
Cell formed when sperm fertilizes eggs
Zygote
188
Unborn offspring at end of 8th week
Fetus
189
Produces egg cells
Ovaries
190
Male reproductive cells / What is the tying of the Vas Deferns called
Sperm / Vasectomy
191
Tube-like structures that transports sugars / water throughout plant
Phloem / Xylem
192
Used for anchorage and storage by plants
Roots
193
Protects and nourishes a plant embryo
Seed
194
Fertilized plant ovary
Fruit
195
Evaporation of water vapor from leaves on hot days
Transpiration
196
Has vascular tissue
Vascular plants
197
No vascular tissue
Nonvascular (moss)
198
Cells that open and close the plant stomata
Guard cells
199
Organ where photosynthesis occurs
Leaf
200
Hair like structures on plant roots used for anchorization
Rhizoid
