Natural Selection Review

Question 1

According to Darwin, evolution occurs because of what?

Answer 1

Natural Selection

Question 2

Scarcity of resources and a growing population are most likely to result in what?

Answer 2

Competition - struggle for existence

Question 3

According to Darwin, the finches he studied probably all had a common what?

Answer 3

Ancestor

Question 4

What type of structures suggests a common ancestor is shared?

Answer 4

Homologous/Vestigial structures

Question 5

The flipper of a manatee and the hand of a human are considered what type of structures?

Answer 5

Homologous structures

Question 6

Beak shape in Darwin’s finches are affected or shaped by what resource?

Answer 6

Food

Question 7

What are four ways that scientists can determine the evolutionary relationship among organisms?

Answer 7

1. Biogeography
2. Fossil Record
3. Comparative Anatomy
4. Embryology

Question 8

Both the human tailbone and the appendix are considered what kind of structures?

Answer 8

Vestigial Structures

Question 9

What are structures called that no longer have a function in organisms?

Answer 9

Vestigial Structures

Question 10

The accumulation of differences between species or population is called what?

Answer 10

Divergent

Question 11

What do you call the process of a species evolving into a new species?

Answer 11

Speciation

Question 12

What must take place in order for speciation to occur?

Answer 12

No interbreeding

Question 13

What are two ways genetic drift take place?

Answer 13

Founder Effect & Bottleneck

Question 14

What type of genetic drift takes place if a few organisms are separated from the population such as being trapped on an island?

Answer 14

Founder Effect

Question 15

What term means change over time?

Answer 15

Evolution

Question 16

Which scientist believed that an organism’s behavior use or disuse could influence their offspring’s inherited traits?

Answer 16

LaMark

Question 17

What type of structures are batwings compared to flywings?

Answer 17

Analogous

Question 18

To be the same species, the parents must produce what kind of offspring?

Answer 18

Fertile

Question 19

What must he population have in order for natural selection to take place?

Answer 19

Genetic Variation and Competition - favorable traits passed on

Question 20

What is the definition of species?

Answer 20

Group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes

Question 21

Fossil

Answer 21

Remnant of past organism

Question 22

Paleontology

Answer 22

Branch of science concerned with fossil animals and plants

Question 23

Mutation

Answer 23

Random change in organism’s genes

Question 24

Extinction

Answer 24

A species that no longer exists

Question 25

Gradualism

Answer 25

Policy of gradual reform rater than sudden change or revolution

Question 26

Punctuated Equilibrium

Answer 26

The hypothesis that evolutionary development is marked by isolated episodes of rapid speciation between long periods of little or no change

Question 27

Genetic Drift

Answer 27

Variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of a particular gene