EPILEPSY

Question 1

What are the two types of seizures a patient can present with

Answer 1

absence seizures and tonic-clonic

Question 2

What are some signs and symptoms of absence seizures? (3)

Answer 2

Blank stares
Zoning out
Usually short lasting

Question 3

What is the ABCDE approach for tonic-clonic seizures

Answer 3

A - Difficult to assess, but often PATENT
B - Increased respiratory rate, decreasedSp02, pauses in breathing (aponea)
C - increase in HR, hypotension (heart is working faster)
D - ACVPU - unresponsive, blood glucose N/A
E - Convulsions (sudden, violent movement), flushed complexion, rigidity, urinary incontinence, frothing of mouth

Question 4

What is the Aura stage in a TONIC-CLONIC seizure (3)

Answer 4

Aura stage may start with a simple or complex partial seizure. may experience abnormal sensations eg particular smell etc
Tonic is the tight muscle stage
Clonic is the convulsions stage
Postictial stage is when the patients come OUT of the seizure

Question 5

What is the management of an epileptic fit (5)

Answer 5

• move objects that may harm pts during seizure
• do not attempt to restrain pt or put anything in their mouth
• time the seizure - if OVER 5 MINS then we class this as “status epilepticus”. After this (5 mins) reach for the emergency drugs. Administer 10mg (1 syringe) of midazolam BUCCALLY and phone for an ambulance
• Administer 100% o2 - 15ltrs/min through a NON-REBREATHER MASK
• continuously monitor until help arrives 5 MIN MARK

Question 6

What are the child dosages for midazolam

Answer 6

6-11mnths = 2.5mg
1-4yrs = 5mg
5-9 = 7.5mg
10-17 = 10mg

Question 7

What do we do with the patient after convulsive movements have subsided?

Answer 7

Place the patient in the recovery position