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Pharmacology > ER > Flashcards

ER Flashcards

1
Q

What drug category is used for anaphylaxis and upper respiratory emergencies

A

Antihistamine

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2
Q

What emergency drug category is used for bradycardia, and opioid overdoses

A

Anticholinergic drugs

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3
Q

What do anticholinergic drugs do to the body

A

Blocks part of the parasympathetic nervous system therefore blocking acetylcholine (muscle contractions)

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4
Q

What anticholinergic drug is used for emergencies

A

Atropine

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5
Q

What do beta-2 agonists do

A

Relax smooth muscle and dilate the air way

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6
Q

What are beta-2 agonists used for

A

Cardiac resuscitation, anaphylaxis, bronchodilation

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7
Q

Epinephrine is in what drug category

A

Beta-2 agonists

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8
Q

What does epinephrine do

A

Increases HR, strengthens contractions of the heart, increases cardiac output. Is a potent bronchodilator

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9
Q

Albuterol is in what drug category

A

Beta-2 agonists

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10
Q

What is albuterol

A

A bronchodilator

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11
Q

Methylxanthines do what to the body

A

Relax smooth muscles of bronchi, act as a mild diuretic

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12
Q

What are methlxanthines used for

A

Bronchodilation, mild heart stimulation, asthma, collapsing trachea, bronchitis

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13
Q

Aminophylline is in what category

A

Methylxanthines

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14
Q

Aminophylline contraindications are

A

Can adversely react with corticosteroids, ketamine, enrofloxacin, furosemide, phenobarbital, and propanol

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15
Q

Corticosteroids are used for what

A

CNS trauma, anaphylaxis, inflammation

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16
Q

What corticosteroid is used for emergencies

A

Dexamethasone

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17
Q

Respiratory stimulants are used for what

A

Stimulate respirations during or after anesthesia

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18
Q

Respiratory stimulants should not be used for what

A

Respiratory support for cardiac or respiratory arrest

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19
Q

What respiratory stimulant drug is used for emergencies

A

Doxapram

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20
Q

Antiarrythmic emergency drugs include

A

Lidocaine, propanol, procainamide

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21
Q

Diuretics do what to the body

A

Promote loss of body water

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22
Q

Furosemide belongs in what category

A

Diuretics

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23
Q

What is furosemide used for in emergencies

A

CHF, uremia, pulmonary edema, increase secretion of water and electrolytes

24
Q

What is mannitol used for in emergencies

A

Oliguric renal failure, IOP, enhance excretion of urinary toxins, cerebral edema

25
Q

Mannitol belongs to what category of drugs

A

Diuretics

26
Q

Inotropes are used for what

A

CPR, anaphylaxis, CHF, and A-Fib

27
Q

Inotropes do what to the body

A

Strengthen heart contractions

28
Q

Digoxin does what

A

Decrease HR, increase contractions and regulate heart Rhythm

29
Q

Digoxin belongs to what drug category

A

Inotropes

30
Q

Some beta agonists also belong to what drug category

A

Inotropes

31
Q

Vasodilators do what to the body

A

Dilate vessels to reduce the workload of the heart

32
Q

What drug category is used for just for CHF

A

Vasodilators

33
Q

Hydralazine is in what drug category

A

Vasodilator

34
Q

Hydralazine does what

A

Lower BP and is a atrial vasodilator

35
Q

Nitroprusside belongs to what drug category

A

Vasodilator

36
Q

Nitroprusside does what

A

Peripheral vasodilator, acute heart failure, lower BP, **MUST BE DILUTED **

37
Q

Anticonvulsants are used for

A

Seizures

38
Q

Diazepam belongs to what drug category

A

Anticonvulsants

39
Q

What anticonvulsant can only be used short term

A

Diazepam

40
Q

Phenobarbital belongs to what drug category

A

Anticonvulsants

41
Q

Antiemetics are used for what

A

Control vomiting

42
Q

Maropitant is a

A

Antiemetic

43
Q

Metoclopramide is a

A

Antiemetic

44
Q

Ondansetron is a

A

Antiemetic

45
Q

Emetics are used for what

A

Inducing V

46
Q

Emergency emetics include what drugs

A

Apomorphine, hydrogen peroxide

47
Q

Absorbs toxins to reduce absorption of the upper GI tract

A

Activated charcoal

48
Q

Ca-EDTA is a what

A

Chelating agent for heavy metal toxicosis

49
Q

What drug reverses Xylazine

A

Yohimbine

50
Q

What drive reverse mu agonists

A

Naloxone

51
Q

Mu agonists are

A

Opioids

52
Q

Flumazenil reverses what

A

Benzodiazepines

53
Q

What reverses dexmedetomidine

A

Antipamezole

54
Q

Antipamezole is a

A

alpha-2 antagonist

55
Q

What is used for antifreeze poisoning

A

Ethanol

56
Q

Bolus/ shock doses of fluids for dogs and horses should be between __ -__ ml/kg IV

A

80-90

57
Q

Bolus/shock doses of fluids for cats should be around __-__ ml/kg IV

A

50-55 ml/kg

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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