ETC

Question 1

2 major coenzymes/ electron carriers from TCA

Answer 1

NADH

FADH2

Question 2

4 Protein complexes

Answer 2

NADH-CoQ Reductase
Succinic-CoQ Reductase
Coenzyme Q - Cytochrome C Reductase
Cytochrome C Oxidase

Question 3

2 major reactions of ETC

Answer 3

Oxidation

Reduction

Question 4

Other intermediates involved in each complex

Answer 4

I - FMN & FeSP
II- FeSP
III- cytochrome a,b,c1,c3
IV- cytochrome b,c, Fe sites

Question 5

Longest reaction

Answer 5

Complex i

Question 6

How many redox reactions in complex I?

Answer 6

3

Question 7

First oxidation reaction in complex i

Answer 7

NADH —-> NAD + 2H + 2e

Question 8

First reduction in complex i

Answer 8

FMN + 2e + 2H ——> FMNH2

Question 9

Second oxidation in complex i

Answer 9

FMNH2 —–> 2e + 2H + FMN

Question 10

Second reduction in complex i

Answer 10

2e + Fe(III) SP —–> Fe(II) SP

Question 11

Third oxidation in complex i

Answer 11

2 Fe (II) ——> 2 Fe (III) SP + 2e

Question 12

Third reduction complex i

Answer 12

2e + 2H + CoQ —–> CoQH2

Question 13

Number of units in complex i

Answer 13

40

Question 14

Initial reactant complex i

Answer 14

NADH

Question 15

Important constituents

Answer 15

2H

2e

Question 16

Goes back to TCA

Answer 16

NAD

Question 17

Goes back to matrix in form of solution

Answer 17

2H

Question 18

Utilized again

Answer 18

Fe(III)SP

Question 19

Shuttle molecule

Final recipient of 8e in NADH AND FADH2

Answer 19

CoQ

Question 20

Number of redox reactions in complex II

Answer 20

2

Question 21

First oxidation complex II

Answer 21

FADH2 ——> FAD + 2H + 2e

Question 22

First reduction complex II

Answer 22

2e + 2Fe(III) SP ——> 2 Fe(II) SP

Question 23

Second oxidation reaction complex II

Answer 23

2 Fe (II) SP —–> 2 Fe (III) SP + 2e + 2H

Question 24

Second reduction complex II

Answer 24

2e + 2H + CoQ —–> CoQH2

Question 25

Reactant/intermediary in Complex I,II,III

Answer 25

FeSP

Question 26

Reduced coenzyme that shuttles e to complex III Common product of complex I & II

Answer 26

CoQH2

Question 27

Serve as proton pump | Alkaline

Answer 27

Complex I,III,IV

Question 28

First oxidation complex III

Answer 28

CoQH2 -----> CoQ + 2H + 2e

Question 29

First reduction complex iii

Answer 29

2e + 2Fe ( III) SP -----> 2 Fe(II)SP

Question 30

2nd oxidation complex III

Answer 30

2Fe ( II) SP + 2H + 2e -----> Fe(III) SP +2H+2e

Question 31

Sequence of complex iii after second oxidation

Answer 31

FeSP-cyt b-FeSP-cytc1-cytc

Question 32

Oxidation state of FeSP in complex iii

Answer 32

III

Question 33

Oxidation state of iron in complex iii

Answer 33

II

Question 34

Heme containing protein | Contains iron

Answer 34

Cytochrome

Question 35

Abundantly found in hemoglobin (blood) and myoglobin (muscles) Prevents e from interacting with oxygen

Answer 35

Heme

Question 36

Final product complex iii

Answer 36

Cyt c

Question 37

Changes oxidation intermediates (Fe (III) SP --> Fe(II)SP)

Answer 37

2e

Question 38

Biochemical reactions in which the electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed on the series of intermediates in which ultimately the molecular O2 binds with hydrogen to form water

Answer 38

ETC

Question 39

H in every ETC

Answer 39

4

Question 40

2 molecules acting as sites for electrons

Answer 40

Fe | Cu

Question 41

Covalently bonded with O2 to form H2O

Answer 41

4H

Question 42

Where is H pumped

Answer 42

Intermembrane space

Question 43

Number of H pumped in complex i

Answer 43

4

Question 44

Number of H pumped in complex iii

Answer 44

4

Question 45

Number of H pumped in complex 4

Answer 45

2

Question 46

Synthesis of ATP | More protons outside than inside membrane

Answer 46

Proton pump

Question 47

Location of atp synthase

Answer 47

Matrix

Question 48

Reaction to form ATP

Answer 48

ADP + Pi ---> ATP

Question 49

Channel in ATP synthase

Answer 49

F0

Question 50

Where energy is synthesized in ATP Synthase

Answer 50

F1

Question 51

Importance of ATP

Answer 51

Oxidation of carbs, lipids, proteins Cellular work: Muscle contraction Nutrient transport Synthesis of essential compounds

Question 52

Number of moles of ATP Produced by 1 NADH

Answer 52

2.5

Question 53

Number of moles produced by 1 FADH2

Answer 53

1.5

Question 54

Number of moles of ATP produced by 1 GTP

Answer 54

1

Question 55

ATP Produced by NADH

Answer 55

7.5

Question 56

ATP produced by FADH2

Answer 56

1.5

Question 57

ATP produced by GTP

Answer 57

1

Question 58

Non ETC oxygen reaction

Answer 58

Reactive oxygen species

Question 59

O2 comes in contact with NADH

Answer 59

Superoxide free radical

Question 60

Reaction in superoxide free radical

Answer 60

O2 + NADH ---> NADP + 2H + 2O2 (-) 2H + 2O2 --------> H2O2 + O2 Superoxide dismutase 2H2O2 + O2 -------> 2H2O + O2

Question 61

Cytochromes needed in Complex 4

Answer 61

C A A3

Question 62

Final acceptor of e in ETC

Answer 62

O2

Question 63

Lipid soluble | Can carry proton and e

Answer 63

Ubiquinone

Question 64

Electron carriers

Answer 64

``` NADH FADH2 CoQ FeSP Cytochrome ```

Question 65

Number of subunits complex II

Answer 65

4

Question 66

Number of subunits Complex IV

Answer 66

13

Question 67

Subunits in complex iii

Answer 67

11

Question 68

Pumped into inner motochondrial membrane Creates electrochemical graduent Possesses potential energy Stored energy

Answer 68

Positive charge of H