ethics

Question 1

TCPS

Answer 1

tri-council policy statment (TCPS)

first standerd canadian ethics code guide all reserch involving humans

Question 2

three basic principles

Answer 2

1- respect for person
2-concern for welfare
3-justice

Question 3

respect for person

Answer 3

respect the eutonomy of reserch participants and protect those who have diminished autonomy, people should choose freely if they want to or not to participate on the study

Question 4

What is informed consent, why is it important & when should it be obtained?

Answer 4

is important becuse contain information that is needed for a participant make their decision ,

needed when influencing or manipulating a participant

Question 5

What information should be included on a consent form?

Answer 5

1-purpose of the reserch
2-procedure that is gonna be used
3-risks and benefits
4-compesantion
5-confidentiality
6-assurence that they can withdrawal they like to
7-contact information for any question

Question 6

When is it threatened?

Answer 6

coersion is an threat to autonomy
secondary use of the data
not being able to have individual autonomy(mainors)

Question 7

concern for welfer

Answer 7

must attempt to minimize risks while maximazing benefits

Question 8

benefits to participants and society

Answer 8

-education about sientific processes
-acquisition of new skills
-treatment for psychological or phisical problems
-may recive payment,corse grade
-kowledge that with their help the result can help society

benefits to society is that without the study it can prejudicar a sociedade

Question 9

risks

Answer 9

-physical harm
-psychological stress
-risk of losing privacy and confidentiality

Question 10

justice

Answer 10

treat people fairly and equitabily

Question 11

REB(reserch ethics board)

Answer 11

each univarsity have one

whose mandate is to review all research project for compliance with ethical standerds

Question 12

exempt reserch

Answer 12

reserch with absolutly no risk to participants

does not require the REB review

when:
1-only uses public available information
2-only observing people in public
3- uses data that is already collected and anonymus

Question 13

minimal risk reserch

Answer 13

reserch that the risk of harm is no more than a risk that one would normally encounter in daily life

Question 14

greater then minimual risk reserch

Question 15

3 R’s

Answer 15

1- Replacement :replacing animals with some alternatives or avoiding using them all together

2- Reduction-reduce animals being used

3-Refiniment modify procedures to minimize pain and distress

Question 16

scientific misconducts

Answer 16

fabricating data or altering data

Question 17

what is being done to improve?

Answer 17

1-disclosure
2-preregistration of study
3-open data and materials