ethics and formulating research stuff Flashcards
(18 cards)
the role of ethics committees
review research proposals that plan to use human participants in order to make sure that they meet the guidelines in the Australian code of ethics
they will decide whether there has already been similar completed research that nullifies the purpose of the current proposal and whether the risk to participant welfare outweighs any benefit the researcher would have to society
once approved they will monitor the research study and are able to step in and stop the study from continuing if they suspect that any ethical guidelines have been breached
ethical guideline
protection from harm
researchers must protect the physical and psychological wellbeing of participants, following ethical guidelines can help accomplish this
a way of reducing continued psychological harm after study is through debrief
ethical guideline
informed consent
the necessity for researcher to obtain written consent from participants(using consent form)
participants under 18 or those lacking the intellectual ability to give informed consent, need to have their legal guardian provide consent on their behalf
the consent form should include the purpose of the study, what participants are required to do, whether there are potential risks of participating in the study, the length of time of the study will take and explain withdrawal rights of the [participants
withdrawal rights
participants can end their participation in a study, or have their results removed during pr at the completion of the study without pressure or penalty
must be explained within the informed consent procedure
confidentiality
ethical guideline
the need for information collected from participants to be stored in a secure manner and then disposed when no longer required
HOW information is collected from participants is safeguarded
if the researcher wishes to publish or share results, participants names are not able to be used
privacy
ethical guideline
that only information relevant to the study should be collected
WHAT information from participants is collected
voluntary participation
ethical guideline
where participants partake in a study because it is their choice to do so
participants cannot be bribed to participate or be at risk of failing a course if they do not take part
deception
ethical guideline
lying to a participant about the true nature of a study of their role in it; this is acceptable when the participants knowing the true purpose of the study would affect the results
if using deception causes the risk to participants to outweigh the potential benefits of research to society, it should not be used
debriefing
ethical guideline
an explanation given to participants at the conclusion of a study
if there was deception in the study participants need to be informed of this, and opportunity for consoling should be provided, any mistaken beliefs participants may have formed during the study must be dispelled, and the participants right to remove their results for the study need to be upheld
use of animals in research
refinement
utilising methods that will minimise potential distress or pain in animals in research
use of animals in research
reduction
obtaining more information from the number of animals planned for research or using alternative methods to gather similar information by using fewer animals
use of animals in research
replacement
the use of alternative methods that eliminate the need for animals in research
formulating research, points that need to be included
identify aim
develop a research question based on the aim,
identify variables(IV, DV, control, extraneous)
construct a hypothesis or inquiry question
aim
a general statement explaining the purpose of the research
research question based on aim
a welldefined question based on background information
may include IV and DV it is not requires. the population of research interest is specified
directional hypothesis
a statement that compares the predicted outcome of each condition
used when past research provides a clue as to what results will show
it is hypothesised that students who take hemp seed oil before bed for two weeks will take LESS time to fall asleep compared to students who don’t take hemp seed oil
non directional hypothesis
a statement that there is a difference between conditions but does not specify the type of difference
this type of hypothesis is used when there is no previous research, or previous research has provided contradictory results
it is hypothesised that students who take hemp seed oil before bed for two weeks will DIFFER in the time taken to fall asleep compared to students who do not take hemp seed oil
inquiry question
does not make research outcome predictions, instead it propmts broad exploration of the research topic
used in research that produces qualative data and informs the methodology that will be followed
an open ended question, starting with a question word, that the research is aiming to explore
what effects does hemp seed oil have on sleep
