types of data

Question 1

qualitative data
data display

Answer 1

flow charts, taxonomy, modified venn diagrams , summary tables

Question 2

qualitative data
data format

Answer 2

written words

Question 3

qualitative data
method of collection
strcutured interviews
application

Answer 3

• set of pre established questions is asked in real time face to face or over the phone

Question 4

qualitative data
method of collection
strcutured interviews
strengths

Answer 4

-many individuals or focus groups can be asked the same set of standarised questions reducing differences between interviews
-participants do not need to rely on thei reading ability in order to participate

Question 5

qualitative data
method of collection
strcutured interviews
limitations

Answer 5

-interviews are not able to ask participants to further explain their response thus limiting the richness of collected data
-analysing data collected from interviews is complicated so drawing general conclusions is difficult

Question 6

qualatitve data
analysis

Answer 6

-the large amount of descriptive data is assessed for patterns and organised into categories
categories of data are created by grouping collated descirptive information

Question 7

qualitative data
strenghts

Answer 7

-in depth info can be collected as [articpants may have the oppurtunity to explain their responses
-their flexibility in aspects of the methods used to collect the data

Question 8

qualitative data
limitations

Answer 8

-there is reduced generalisability of results due to information being gathered from a samller sample size(compares to larger sample sizes typical of quantaive reseach)
-to interpret the data, reseachers require a deep understanding of the studied concept

Question 9

quantative data
data format

Answer 9

numerical

Question 10

quantitative data
data display

Answer 10

graphs and summary tables
eg frequency tables

Question 11

quantitative data
questions format

Answer 11

closed ended questions that limit answers to set responses

Question 12

quantitative data
method of collection

Answer 12

checklists, rating scales(eg likert scales) observation (controlled) and using equipment in pyshiological measures

Question 13

quantitative data
analysis

Answer 13

-data is quantifiable (able to be counted) so can be statistically analysed
-data can determine a cause and effect relationship or correlaltion

Question 14

quantitative data
strnghts

Answer 14

-generalisability of results can be assessed
-numerical data is easier to replicate through repetition of the research allowing for reliability to be assessed

Question 15

quantitative data
limitations

Answer 15

-there is a requirement for researchers to have strong knowledge of statistical analysis
-for results to have high generalizability, large sample sizes are required

Question 16

qualitative
method of data collection
semi strcutured interview
application

Answer 16

-a set of pre-established questions that can be asked but participants can also be asked follow up questions based on earlier responses

Question 17

qualitative
method of data collection
semi strcutured interview
strengths

Answer 17

-extensive data can be collected and the option for interviewers to ask participants to further explain their reasons leads to deeper understanding
-particpants do not need to rely on their reading abilitiy in order to particpate

Question 18

method of data collection
semi strcutured interview
limitations

Answer 18

-due to face to face or over the phone format, particpants may feel less comfortable revealing sensitive info to interviewer, thus limiting data that can be collected
-analysing data cis complicated, so drawinf general conclusions is difficult

Question 19

method of data collection
open ended survey
application

Answer 19

-participants are provided with questions on paper or online with space to responf on open text format with as much detail as they like

Question 20

method of data collection
open ended survey
strengths

Answer 20

-detailed info(including attituded and emotions) can be collected on complicated topics
-particiapants are not restricted by limited options

Question 21

method of data collection
open ended survey
limitations

Answer 21

-particoants must rely on their reading and writing ability to participate
-differences in the amount of detail provided makes analysing the collected data difficult

Question 22

how to run a focus group

Answer 22

1. develop a set of questions for particpants to answer based on the aim of the research
2. gather a sample from the poulation of research interest using an appropriate sampling technique
3. provide an information letter and consent form for participants to complete. participants under the age of 18 require a legal guardian to provide informed consent on their behalf
   4.facilitate a focus group w a meanable number of particpants from the sample
   ask follow up questions based on participant response to pre established questions and record verbal discussion between particpiants and comments made to the facililtatos using a recording device
4. after participants have been debreiefed, collate, the analyse the written and recorded data

Question 23

quantative
data collection
galvanic skin response -heart rate breathing rate
application

Answer 23

measures changes in the electrical conductivity of the skin and can detect emotions
-objective measure

Question 24

quantative
data collection
galvanic skin response -heart rate breathing rate
strengths

Answer 24

-particpants are less likely to be able to affect data collection(risk of participant bias is limited)
-measures can be recorded in real time

Question 25

quantative data collection galvanic skin response -heart rate breathing rate limitations

Answer 25

-excercice can change measurement -factors such as excerice or heat can effect the measurement -particpants may feel anxious when having the measure taken and this can can alter resluts

Question 26

checklist quantitive data collection application

Answer 26

collects yes/no info on statements -measure attitudes -subjective measure

Question 27

rating scale eg likert scale quantative data collection application

Answer 27

-likert scale-type of rating scale when participants indicate their strenght of agreement to stateements -rating scale-can be used to measure attitudes -subjective measure

Question 28

checklist and rating and likert scales quantitive data collection limitations

Answer 28

responses are limited to the options provided -it doesnt allow participants to give reasons for their responses -particpants must rely on thei reading ability to participate -phrasing or oder of statemnts can effect peoples responses

Question 29

checklist and rating and likert scales quantitive data collection strengths

Answer 29

- data can be statistically analysed-data collected form a large sample size can occur in a relatively short time (compared with conducting an interview) -can be conducted remotely such as online or via mail

Question 30

mixed method application

Answer 30

-qualitative and quantative data are collected from [artocipants in the same study -both interviews and rating scales are used in a study

Question 31

mixed method strengths

Answer 31

-a greater understanding of the researcher problem can be provided than using either qualatitive adn quantative method alone -both quali and quanti methods can be used to cpmplement each other

Question 32

mixed methods limitations

Answer 32

-greater expertise from researchers is required to collect and analyse data -the time required to collect and analyse data is greater than in just wualative or just quantaive methods