ethnicity

Question 1

Graham and Bowling

Answer 1

self report studies
found black and white people had similar rates of offending (43% and 44%), Asian people had lower rates

Question 2

Bowling and Phillips

Answer 2

evidence presented to the CPS by police is weaker and based on stereotypes of BAME’s as criminals

Question 3

Hudson and Bramhall

Answer 3

Pre sentencing reports allow discrimination - Asian offenders are less comprehensive and less remorseful than white offenders
- Muslims have been demonised after 9/11

Question 4

Hood

Answer 4

study of 5 crown courts
black men are 5% more likely to receive custodial sentences with an average of 3 months longer than white men

Question 5

Stephen Lawrence

Answer 5

murdered, no one stemmed blood loss, delayed looking for witness, ignored mothers list of names with 4/5 suspects on it, spy on family

Question 6

Holdway

Answer 6

he was former police officer
occupational culture - police hold negative views within workforce about ethnic minorities
many EM officers resign as a result of occupational culture
‘canteen culture’ - racist and sexist attitudes expressed by police during down time

Question 7

Lea + Young

Answer 7

Left realist expl of ethnic differences in offending
use evidence from crime survey in England and Wales as well as their own research to suggest stats represent real differences in offending as a result of social problems like relative dep

Question 8

Hall

Answer 8

policing the crisis
moral panic of black muggings
media represented young black men as potential muggers
moral panic was due to crisis of British capitalism - strikes, power shortages
black boys = scapegoat
caused increase of police power and a crack down

Question 9

Gilroy

Answer 9

young black men are unfairly targeted by the media
crime committed is political
Rastafarianism - not just a religion, contains revolutionary political ideas about overthrowing white authority - leads to confrontation with police - marijuana usage