right realism

Question 1

Herrnstein
- biological

Answer 1

biosocial theory
biological differences make some more predisposed to crime e.g. aggression

Question 2

Herrnstein and Murray
- biological

Answer 2

main cause of crime is low intelligence which they see as being biological determined

Question 3

Murray
- socialisation and the underclass

Answer 3

crime is rising due to the growth of underclass/’new rabble’ who are defined by their deviant behaviour. lone parent mothers fail to socialise properly as no male role model

Question 4

Bennett
- socialisation and the underclass

Answer 4

crime is a result of growing up surrounded by deviant criminal adults

Question 5

Ron Clarke
- rational choice

Answer 5

individuals have self autonomy
committing crime is based on rational calculations of the consequences
if rewards outweigh the risks then they will reoffend

Question 6

Felson
- routine activity

Answer 6

for crime to occur there needs to be a motivated offender, an attractive target and an absence of authority
presence of police will deter criminals - expensive, CCTV

Question 7

Wilson and Kelling
- broken windows

Answer 7

areas need to be maintained to prevent crimes taking place
broken windows send message that deviance is tolerated
A03 - displacement - rob rich areas as more value

Question 8

Young
- evaluations of zero tolerance

Answer 8

myth as crime in New York was falling before policy was introduced due to economic boom in 90s