Eukaryotic Cell Structure: Animals Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are the key characteristics of eukaryotic cells?
Membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles.
How do eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells lack these.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Regulates entry and exit of substances, and maintains the cell’s structure.
What is the role of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?
Stores the genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities.
What is the function of ribosomes?
Protein synthesis.
What are mitochondria and what is their function?
Organelles where aerobic respiration occurs to produce energy.
What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and their functions?
Rough ER (protein synthesis and transport)
+ Smooth ER (lipid and carbohydrate synthesis)
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus (Golgi body)?
Processes and packages proteins and lipids.
What are lysosomes and what is their function?
Contain enzymes for the breakdown of cellular waste and debris.
What is a vacuole and what is its function in animal cells?
A sac-like structure that can store water, nutrients, and waste.
What is the function of cilia and flagella?
Movement of the cell or substances around it.
What is the role of the cytoskeleton?
Provides structural support and enables movement within the cell.
What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
To allow cells to replicate and divide, creating new cells for growth and repair.
What is the importance of the cell membrane in transport?
Facilitates the movement of molecules across the membrane, allowing cells to take up nutrients and release waste products.
What is the importance of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in cell function?
It is involved in protein synthesis, folding, modification, and transport.
What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in modifying proteins?
The Golgi apparatus further processes, sorts, and packages proteins.
What is the nucleolus?
The nucleolus is a small, spherical structure found inside the nucleus
What is the role of the nucleolus?
Primarily responsible for producing and assembling ribosomes
