evaluation of the biological approach

Question 1

evaluation points for biological approach

Answer 1

• strength from being scientific
• real world applications
• weakness from determinism
• weakness from assuming environment is the same for MZ and DZ twins

Question 2

strength of biological approach from it being scientific

Answer 2

• The biological approach uses scientific and precise methods (e.g. fMRIs, twin studies, drug trials, lab experiments).
• Advances in technology allow for accurate and unbiased measurement of biological and neural processes.
• Experiments are conducted in highly controlled environments, enabling replication.
• This leads to reliable and objective data.
• Emphasising scientific methods enhances psychology’s credibility and status as a science.

Question 3

real world applications of biological approach

Answer 3

• The biological approach makes clear, testable predictions (e.g. effects of neurotransmitters or genes on behaviour).
• For example, understanding neurochemical imbalances in depression has led to drug treatments that reduce symptoms.
• Such treatments allow patients to manage their condition and live more normal lives outside of hospital.
• This supports the external validity of the biological approach, showing it can explain and treat a range of behaviours.
• Drug treatments are often easier for patients, especially those with severe depression who may struggle with talking therapies.

Question 4

weakness of biological approach from assuming environment is the same for MZ and DZ twins

Answer 4

• Twin studies assume MZ and DZ twins share the same environment.
• In reality, MZ twins often experience more similar environments than DZ twins due to being treated more alike.
• This challenges the assumption that differences are due purely to genetics, supporting nurture over nature.
• As a result, twin study findings may not strongly support the biological approach.
• The approach also struggles to explain why DZ twins sometimes show higher concordance rates than regular siblings, despite having the same genetic similarity.
• This suggests that environmental (nurture) factors likely play a significant role.

Question 5

weakness of biological approach from it being deterministic

Answer 5

• The biological approach is determinist, viewing behaviour as controlled by internal biological factors beyond our control.
• This challenges legal principles that hold individuals morally and legally responsible for their actions.
• Discovery of a “criminal gene” could complicate accountability in the justice system.
• It may lead to genetic screening and potential discrimination against those with a predisposition.
• Ethical concerns arise for both individuals with the predisposition and victims of crimes.
• Some psychologists argue that knowing one’s genetic risks can be empowering, allowing individuals to avoid triggers or develop coping strategies.