Evidence Based Cultural Considerations

Question 1

____ _____ may discontinue medications once symptoms subside, often doubting the need for further therapy.

Answer 1

African-Americans

Question 2

______ ______

Touch is viewed as an essential part of healthcare; personal space may be minimal.

Answer 2

African- Americans

Question 3

African American:

Heavily rely on religious rituals and a ______ advice

Answer 3

minister’s

Question 4

African American:
4. Health viewed as a gift from ___.
a. Illness and suffering may be God’s will or evil
influences.
b. Folk healers and folk medicine may be common.
• i) Cod liver oil to prevent colds
• ii) Copper or silver bracelets to protect from harm
c. Allopathic healthcare often not a priority for prevention
d. May believe in voodoo (especially Haitians and
Africans)

Answer 4

God

Question 5

African American:
b. Folk healers and folk medicine may be common.
• i) Cod liver oil to prevent ____

Answer 5

colds

Question 6

African American:

• ii) ____ or silver bracelets to protect from harm

Answer 6

Copper

Question 7

African American:
c. Allopathic healthcare often ____ a priority for
prevention

Answer 7

not

Question 8

African American:
d. May believe in ____ (especially Haitians and
Africans)

Answer 8

voodoo

Question 9

________
Often believe it is unnecessary to continue pharmacotherapy once symptoms abate
a. Especially problematic for diabetics in which ongoing
medication is required

Answer 9

Hispanic

Question 10

Hispanic

Esteem the _____ or grandmother, especially from the husband, as the primary decisionmaker of health related issues

Answer 10

mother

Question 11

Hispanic
Balance of “hot and cold” is essential.
a. “___/____” illnesses and medications

Answer 11

Hot/cold

Question 12

Hispanic
Balance of “hot and cold” is essential.
b. “___/____” concepts

Answer 12

Wet/dry

Question 13

Hispanic
Balance of “hot and cold” is essential.
c. Illness is treated with the opposite type medicine:
Hot for cold, and cold for hot •
i) May not take penicillin (PCN) for a “____” illness
because PCN is viewed as a “‘_____” medicine

Answer 13

hot

Question 14

Hispanic
Illness may be caused by ____ ___ ___ (evil eye)
a. Healthcare workers can inadvertently give this look.

Answer 14

Mal de Ojo

Question 15

Hispanic
Strong religious association
a. Health is a gift from God and reward for good
______.

Answer 15

behavior

Question 16

Hispanic
Illness prevention strategies: Eating proper foods,
working the proper amount of time, wearing religious
medals and sleeping with ______

Answer 16

relics

Question 17

Hispanic
Use of ________ (holistic healer) may be common.
a. Treat with a variety of herbs, teas, visits to shrines,
medals, candles, and promises to God to change
behavior

Answer 17

curanderas

Question 18

Hispanic

Often concerned about the potential for _______ when taking medication for prolonged periods of time

Answer 18

addiction

Question 19

Hispanic
May expect _______ as a necessary component of
effective treatment for disease
a. Taking oral medications may be viewed as a less
effective treatment.

Answer 19

injections

Question 20

Asians

Vast array of ______ remedies are used: Potential for drug-drug interactions

Answer 20

herbal

Question 21

______

Eye contact may be a sign of disrespect

Answer 21

Asians

Question 22

Asians

Using the word “_____” is common; it usually means “I’m being polite” (and maybe, understanding what is being said)

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

Asians

Esteem _____’ views, wishes, and “authority” among other members of the family

Answer 23

elders

Question 24

Asians

______ is relatively less common in Asians.

Answer 24

Diabetes

Question 25

Asians | Dietary requirements may be difficult to follow given dietary ______.

Answer 25

traditions

Question 26

Asians Well insured in comparison to other races a. 18% of U.S. Asians uninsured, ____ of all minority groups

Answer 26

lowest

Question 27

Asians | Approximately only _____ of Asians over the age of 65 make as many visits to healthcare providers as Caucasians.

Answer 27

one-half

Question 28

Asians | _____ life expectancies and lower death rates from all causes than the general population

Answer 28

Longer

Question 29

Asians Many influenced by _____, a religious orientation a. Evil is caused by outside spirits (pleasing good spirits is important to health).

Answer 29

Shinto

Question 30

Asians Japanese: a. Japanese (and other Asian) females may be open to talking with a female healthcare provider, but not a _____.

Answer 30

male

Question 31

Asians b. Japanese esteem drug safety more than effectiveness • i) May explain the usual belief and practice of using ______ doses of medication and resultant fewer reported side effects

Answer 31

lower

Question 32

Asians Chinese: a. Health is a result of forces that rule the world: ____ (cold) and _____ (hot).

Answer 32

Yin (C) | yang (H)

Question 33

Asians i) Cold illnesses (diarrhea) are treated with ____ herbs and food.

Answer 33

hot

Question 34

Asians ii) Hot illnesses (hypertension) are treated with ______ herbs and foods.

Answer 34

cold

Question 35

Asians iii) Illness may be diagnosed by pulses and color and/or texture of the ______.

Answer 35

tongue

Question 36

Asians b. Traditional Chinese medicine may pose that one can remove not only the cause of symptoms for an underlying disorder, but ______ remove the disease state, as Well.

Answer 36

permanently

Question 37

Asians ______: a. Subscribe to yin and yang.

Answer 37

Filipinos

Question 38

Asians b. God's will and ______ forces determine illness as a punishment for violations.

Answer 38

supernatural

Question 39

Asians | c. Amulets and religious medals may be worn as a shield from ______ or as a good-luck charm.

Answer 39

witchcraft

Question 40

Asians • i) Often use American medicine for acute illnesses and surgery and fall back to ____ medicinal practices to treat long-term conditions.

Answer 40

Chinese

Question 41

Native Americans 1. The term "_____" in the Native American community denotes a position of leadership, based on experience, spirituality, and community service, rather than on chronological age.

Answer 41

elder

Question 42

Native Americans | a. Many tribes consider ___ years of age and older as qualifying as an "elder."

Answer 42

50

Question 43

Native Americans In some tribes and/or nations, causes of illness may be considered an "______" between the spiritual, mental, physical, and social interactions of the individual and his family or clan.

Answer 43

imbalance

Question 44

Native Americans Must consider the spiritual aspect of an _______, since healing is considered sacred work in many Native American traditions

Answer 44

individual

Question 45

Native Americans Many contemporary Native Americans use "____ ____ ____" to treat "caucasian man's diseases" such as diabetes, cancer, and cholelithiasis.

Answer 45

caucasian man's medicine

Question 46

Use "____ _____ medicine" to treat what are considered "Native American problems" such as: a. Pain b. Disturbed family relationships resulting in physical symptoms: • i) Mental illness • ii) Alcoholism

Answer 46

Native American

Question 47

Caucasians | Generally viewed as ______ to pain while other cultures accept pain as a part of life

Answer 47

intolerant

Question 48

Caucasians | Perceive eye contact as communicating interest and ______

Answer 48

honesty

Question 49

Caucasians | Most hold high _______ that disease will be cured and/or managed through powerful medications.

Answer 49

expectations

Question 50

Caucasians Strong family ties: Historically; ____ are viewed as the dominant force and/or decisionmaker. Strong religious ties

Answer 50

males

Question 51

Increasing number of Caucasians using: a. Alternative sources of ______ b. Herbal therapies

Answer 51

healthcare

Question 52

Caucasians Most believe and expect that a ________ is a necessary component when seeking care in the doctor's or practitioner's office.

Answer 52

prescription

Question 53

Caucasians | a. Religious ______ and rituals are often used to prevent illness and heal.

Answer 53

medals