Evidence of Evolution (Chp. 26)

Question 1

paleontoogist

Answer 1

a scientist who studies fossils to learn about life in the past

Question 2

a fossil

Answer 2

presevered remain or trace of animals, plants and other organisms from distant past

Question 3

the scientific word for the tailbone

Answer 3

cocyx

Question 4

the human tailbone is an example of a _____________ __________________

Answer 4

vestigial structure

Question 5

the appendix is an example of a __________________ ____________

Answer 5

vestigial structure

Question 6

spectrophotometer

Answer 6

measure readioactive decay of elements in rocks and fossils

Question 7

radiometric dating

Answer 7

determines the age of rocks and fossils by the layer of rock

Question 8

the older the rock/fossil is

Answer 8

the deeper the layer will be

Question 9

the younger/newer the rock or fossil

Answer 9

the closer it will be to the surface

Question 10

vestigial structures

Answer 10

body parts that have lost their use through evolution

Question 11

example of vestigial structure

Answer 11

whales have tiny vestigial leg bones

Question 12

homolgous structures

Answer 12

structures in different species that have very similair anaomy due to having a common ancestor

Question 13

examples of strucutres having different functions but similar bone structure

Answer 13

the human, the dog, the bird and the whale

Question 14

embrology

Answer 14

the stuy of how organisms develop

Question 15

embryo

Answer 15

animal or plant in its earliest stages of development before born or hatched

Question 16

fish embryos and human embryos have

Answer 16

gill slits and long tails

Question 17

in fish these factors develop, while in people

Answer 17

they disappear

Question 18

all animals share

Answer 18

a common ancestor

Question 19

biochemical building blocks

Answer 19

are responsible for life in all organisms

Question 20

DNA and RNA determine the

Answer 20

development of organisms

Question 21

proteins, hormones and cells have

Answer 21

evolved

Question 22

molecular biology

Answer 22

emerged in the 1940s and and has confirmed and extended the conclusions about evolution drawn by other forms of evidence

Question 23

molecular clocks

Answer 23

relate the time that 2 species diverged to number of differences measured between species dna sequences or protein amino acid sequences

Question 24

the fewer differences meaured

Answer 24

the less time has occured

Question 25

the gorilla and he orangatan are more evolutionary related than the gorilla and the _________

Answer 25

chicken

Question 26

molecular clocks confirm

Answer 26

fossil records and evidence to estimatoe how long ago various groups of organisms diverged