Exam 01 Study Guide (instructor) Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are the four primary communication needs?
Physical, identity, social, and practical needs.
What does communication competence mean?
The ability to communicate effectively and appropriately in various contexts.
What does it mean that communication is symbolic?
It uses symbols (words, gestures) that represent ideas but have no inherent meaning without social agreement.
How is communication culturally determined?
Culture influences language, nonverbal cues, and communication norms.
What is the difference between denotative and connotative meaning?
Denotative is the literal dictionary meaning; connotative includes emotional and cultural associations.
Name three basic principles of communication.
- Communication is symbolic
- Communication is a process
- Communication occurs in context
According to Maslow, what are the five levels of needs?
Physiological, safety, social, esteem, self-actualization.
What is a major criticism of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
It is culturally biased and too rigid; people may pursue higher needs without lower ones being fully met.
How do self-concept and self-disclosure relate?
Self-concept is how you see yourself; self-disclosure is sharing personal info that can shape others’ views of you.
What are the six elements of the communication process?
- Sender
- Receiver
- Message
- Channel
- Noise
- Feedback
What is “noise” in communication?
Any interference that distorts or blocks the message.
What is Cooley’s Looking Glass Self?
The idea that we develop our self-concept based on how we think others see us.
Define cognitive complexity.
The ability to see multiple perspectives and understand complex communication situations.
What role does communication play in self-esteem?
Positive communication can boost self-esteem; negative communication can lower it.
What is Uncertainty Reduction Theory?
The theory that people communicate to reduce uncertainty about others when forming relationships.
Name the Big Five personality traits.
- Openness
- Conscientiousness
- Extraversion
- Agreeableness
- Neuroticism
What is emotional intelligence?
The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions effectively.
What is the difference between semantic and syntactic rules?
Semantic rules govern meaning of words; syntactic rules govern sentence structure.
What is jargon?
Specialized vocabulary used by particular groups or professions.
What is static evaluation?
Viewing people or situations as unchanging, ignoring growth or change.
Explain the Ladder of Abstraction.
A scale from specific, concrete language to broad, abstract language.
What does Muted Group Theory suggest?
Marginalized groups have less power in communication and their voices may be “muted” by dominant groups.
