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SPCH 1025 > SPCH 1025: CH 01 GPT summary > Flashcards

SPCH 1025: CH 01 GPT summary Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is communication considered essential in everyday life?

A

It shapes relationships and identity, impacts health, and is necessary for personal and professional success.

Effective communication is shown to reduce stress and improve emotional well-being.

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2
Q

What common misconception do most people have about their communication skills?

A

Many individuals overestimate their communication skills and believe they are naturally good at it.

Research indicates that effective communication requires skill, feedback, and practice.

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3
Q

What are the four primary functions of communication?

A
  • Physical Needs
  • Identity Needs
  • Social Needs
  • Practical Needs

Each function plays a critical role in mental and physical health, self-perception, relationship quality, and daily navigation.

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4
Q

How does communication affect our physical health?

A

Sharing stressors can reduce risks of illnesses like depression, heart disease, and the common cold.

Open communication has been linked to better health outcomes.

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5
Q

What role do symbols play in communication?

A

Symbols are arbitrary representations of ideas, and their meanings depend on shared understanding.

Misunderstandings can arise from differing denotative and connotative meanings.

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6
Q

What is the impact of culture on communication?

A

Culture shapes beliefs, values, norms, and rules that influence communication.

Different cultures may have vastly different interpretations of the same symbols.

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7
Q

What are the two dimensions of every message?

A
  • Content: the literal information
  • Relational: the tone or underlying message

The same words can convey different meanings based on context.

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8
Q

What does David K. Berlo’s model illustrate about communication?

A

Communication is a dynamic, interactive, and contextual process that evolves over time.

It emphasizes that communication is not static but rather develops through interactions.

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9
Q

List the types of communication.

A
  • Intrapersonal
  • Interpersonal
  • Small Group
  • Public
  • Mediated

Each type of communication requires different skills and often overlaps in practice.

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10
Q

What are the key traits of competent communicators?

A
  • Skillful
  • Adaptable
  • Involved
  • Empathetic
  • Cognitively Complex
  • Self-Monitoring

Competence in communication involves both appropriateness and effectiveness.

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11
Q

What are the three core elements of mindfulness in communication?

A
  • Attention
  • Intention
  • Attitude

Mindfulness enhances engagement, listening, and response in conversations.

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12
Q

What are Ruth Baer’s five facets of mindfulness?

A
  • Observing
  • Describing
  • Acting with Awareness
  • Nonjudging
  • Nonreactivity

These facets help improve communication by promoting awareness and reducing impulsive reactions.

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13
Q

What is the purpose of mindful coloring as a practical exercise?

A

To reduce stress and increase present-moment awareness.

Mindful practices can enhance overall communication competence.

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14
Q

Fill in the blank: Competence in communication involves being both _______ and _______.

A

[appropriate] and [effective].

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15
Q

True or False: Communication is only effective when it is verbal.

A

False

Communication can be verbal, nonverbal, or mediated through technology.

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16
Q

What is interpersonal communication?

A

One-on-one communication, such as face-to-face conversations, texts, or calls.

This form of communication is crucial for building personal relationships.

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17
Q

What does it mean for communication to be relational?

A

It refers to the tone or underlying message of the communication, which can vary based on context.

Understanding relational dynamics is essential for effective communication.

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18
Q

What is the significance of the phrase ‘communication is ubiquitous’?

A

It means that communication is present in almost every aspect of life, both personally and professionally.

Recognizing its pervasiveness can motivate individuals to improve their communication skills.

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19
Q

What does it mean to be cognitively complex in communication?

A

The ability to express ideas in multiple ways and understand various perspectives.

This trait contributes to effective and adaptive communication.

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20
Q

What is the impact of conversation-oriented families according to Joy Koesten’s research?

A

They produce individuals with healthier relationships.

Family communication patterns significantly influence social development.

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21
Q

What are the types of communicators involved in human communication?

A

Intrapersonal: one communicator
Interpersonal: two people
Small group: three or more, shared purpose
Public: one to many
Mass: indirect, large audience
Mediated: use of technology

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22
Q

What are the physical proximities of communicators?

A

Face-to-face interaction
Mediated interaction (email, text, phone)
Synchronous vs asynchronous communication
Influence of proximity on immediacy and feedback

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23
Q

What are the nature of the interaction units in communication?

A

Verbal symbols: words, spoken or written
Nonverbal cues: gestures, posture, facial expressions
Vocal elements: tone, pitch, rate
Mixed message impact

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24
Q

What is the degree of formality and structure in communication?

A

Formal: structured, rule-governed (e.g., interviews, speeches)
Informal: casual, spontaneous (e.g., conversations)
Context-dependent norms
Expectations for roles and behavior

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25
What are the reasons to study communication?
Improves relationships Enhances career success Promotes health and well-being Increases self-awareness Develops critical thinking
26
What are the physical communication needs?
Health effects of social connection Stress reduction through interaction Touch and proximity influence on well-being
27
What are the identity communication needs?
Self-concept shaped through interaction Feedback from others builds self-awareness Social comparison and reflected appraisal
28
What are the social communication needs?
Building and maintaining relationships Creating a sense of belonging Navigating group dynamics
29
What are the practical communication needs?
Everyday functioning (directions, instructions) Professional success (presentations, interviews) Conflict resolution and negotiation
30
What is the symbolic nature of communication?
Use of signs, words, images to convey meaning Symbols as arbitrary and agreed-upon representations
31
What does 'the symbol is not the thing' mean?
Map-territory distinction Symbols stand for reality, not reality itself
32
What is the arbitrariness of symbols?
No inherent connection between symbol and referent Meaning assigned by users
33
What does shared meaning in communication entail?
Meaning exists in people, not words Requires common understanding Influenced by culture and experience
34
What does intentionality in communication involve?
Conscious vs unconscious messages Sender's purpose may differ from receiver's interpretation
35
What are the dimensions of communication?
Relational dimension: signals about relationships Content dimension: literal message information
36
What is the process nature of communication?
Ongoing, dynamic, irreversible Past interactions influence present and future communication
37
How is communication culturally determined?
Norms and values shape expression High-context vs low-context cultures Verbal/nonverbal style differences
38
What contexts affect communication?
Physical setting Historical moment Social environment Psychological frame
39
What are the purposes of communication?
To inform, persuade, entertain, relate Goal-directed behavior Can have multiple purposes simultaneously
40
What defines communication competence?
Effective and appropriate communication Balancing personal goals and relationship needs
41
How is competence understood?
Not static, learned over time Context-specific Evaluated by self and others
42
What are the characteristics of competent communication?
Skillful: mastery of verbal and nonverbal behaviors Adaptable: adjusts style to context and audience Involved: active participation Understands their audience: empathy Cognitive complexity: ability to see multiple perspectives Self-monitoring: observes own communication
43
What is intrapersonal communication?
Self-talk Internal processing Decision-making and reflection
44
What is interpersonal communication?
Dyadic interaction Relationship building Intimacy and disclosure
45
What is small group communication?
Group problem-solving Leadership and role dynamics Decision-making
46
What is public communication?
One speaker, large audience Structured message delivery Feedback limited or delayed
47
What is mediated communication?
Technology-assisted interaction Social media, email, texting Alters feedback speed and clarity
48
What is mindfulness in communication?
Present-centered awareness Intentional and nonjudgmental attention
49
What are the components of mindful awareness?
Observing thoughts, emotions, reactions Noticing without immediately reacting
50
What is mindful practice?
Applying awareness consistently Engaging fully in interactions
51
What does attention mean in mindfulness?
Focusing on the moment Avoiding distractions
52
What does intention mean in mindfulness?
Purposeful presence Aligning communication with values
53
What is the attitude component of mindfulness?
Openness, curiosity, compassion Accepting experiences without judgment
54
What are the five facets of mindfulness?
Observing: noticing internal and external experiences Describing: labeling experiences with words Acting with awareness: conscious behavior Nonjudging of inner experience: accepting emotions and thoughts Nonreactivity to inner experience: letting thoughts and feelings pass
55
How does interpersonal communication relate to mindfulness?
Enhances empathy and listening Reduces reactivity in conflict Improves clarity and compassion
56
What is communication?
Process of creating shared meaning through symbols.
57
What is a message?
Verbal, nonverbal, or written information being communicated.
58
What is a channel in communication?
Medium through which the message is sent.
59
What is feedback?
Response to a message, verbal or nonverbal.
60
What is noise in communication?
Anything that interferes with message transmission or interpretation.
61
What is context in communication?
Physical, social, psychological, and cultural setting of communication.
62
What is intrapersonal communication?
Communication with oneself.
63
What is interpersonal communication?
One-on-one communication.
64
What is small group communication?
Interaction among three or more people with a common goal.
65
What is public communication?
One person speaking to an audience.
66
What is mediated communication?
Communication through technology (e.g., phone, email, social media).
67
What is a physical communication need?
Connection to health and well-being.
68
What is an identity communication need?
Helps form and express self-concept.
69
What is a social communication need?
Enables relationships and belonging.
70
What is a practical communication need?
Helps accomplish everyday tasks.
71
What is communication competence?
Effective and appropriate communication.
72
What is adaptability in communication?
Adjusting communication to context.
73
What is cognitive complexity?
Ability to understand multiple perspectives.
74
What is self-monitoring in communication?
Observing and regulating one’s own behavior.
75
What is empathy in communication?
Ability to understand others' feelings and perspectives.
76
What is mindfulness?
Present-focused, intentional awareness.
77
What is mindful awareness?
Conscious observation of one’s communication.
78
What are the core elements of mindfulness?
Attention, Intention, Attitude.
79
What are the five facets of mindfulness?
Observing, Describing, Acting with Awareness, Nonjudging of Inner Experience, Nonreactivity to Inner Experience.
80
What are the key principles of human communication?
1. Communication is Symbolic 2. The Symbol is Not the Thing 3. Communication Requires Shared Meaning 4. Communication Involves Intentionality 5. Communication Has Dimensions 6. Communication is a Process 7. Communication is Culturally Determined 8. Communication Occurs in Context 9. Communication is Purposeful 10. Communication Competence Can Be Developed

SPCH 1025 (6 decks)

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