Exam 1 Flashcards
randoms things that I need to know
Microbiology
The study of microorganism to small to see
pathogenesis
disease-causing microogranism even in a healthy host
Opportunistic pathogenesis
Some microorganisms cause disease only when there is some defect in the host defense.
Decompositions
Bacteria that feed on dead things and return organic compounds to the environment, also called saprobes
Agriculture
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria that farm and live in legume root nodules are used by farmers
Bioremediation
Mircoorganism that are used to solve ecological problems
symbiosis
Mutualistic relationships where both organisms benefit. ex. termites and their gut biome
Medicine
many medicines and larger majority of our antibodies come from m microorganism
Biotechnology
innumerable life-saving medical and scientific advances depend on the use of microorganisms
June Almeida
Used electron microscope to identify the first coronavirus
Alexander Flemming
discovered pencillian
Fanny Hesse
Invented agar as a growth medium for bacterial culture
Robert Hook
Used compound microscope to discover that macroorganisms are made of microorganisms.
Edward Jenner
Discovered the small pox vaccine (first vaccine)
Robert Koch
-proved that microorganisms can cause disease
- found the bacteria responsible for TB
Rebecca Lancefield
discovered classification system for streptococci based on their cell wall components
Antoni van leeuwenhoek
Invented the first simple microscope and discovered bacteria and protists, “wee animalcules”
Carolus Linnaeus
father of taxonomy, developed binomial nomenclature - naming, classifying, and ranking
Joseph Lister
Began using disinfectants and antiseptics during surgery, helped prevent wound infection
Florence Nightingale
Established sanitary nursing care units. Founder of modern nursing
Louis Pasteur
- invented pasteurization: discovered that heat could kill bacteria that otherwise spoiled liquids including milk, wine, and beer
- disproved abiogenesis
- created first vaccine against rabies
Ignaz Semmelweis
advocated hand washing to prevent transmission of puerperal fever from one OB patient to another “savior of mothers”
John Snow
“Father of Epidemiology”, studied the London Cholera epidemics of 1848 & 1854, suspected it was from the water, as most cases were found close to the Broad Street pump
pH is measured
on a logarithmic scale, based on factors of 10x
